Read the dialogue. Analyze the phrases given in italics. What role do they play in the discussion?
Dialogue
Dr. A. Dr. Curry, you said , if I followed you, that the use of animals for
cruel experiments is justified if these experiments are conducted for
the benefit of mankind.
Dr. C. Yes, that’s what I said.
Dr. A. Does this mean, then, that the suffering and death of thousands of
living things can be beneficial to the well-being and harmonious
development off another living-being – man?
Dr. C. Well, that’s not exactly what I mean. What I was trying to say is
that new areas of medicine and surgery must be safe for human
beings. When considered from this point of view, I strongly believe
that the life of just one animal may be taken to save the lives of
thousands of people.
Dr. A. I don’t see it that way.
Dr. C. You don’t?
Dr. A. The point is, animals ought to be allowed to enjoy the gift of life. In
my opinion, one can’t take the responsibility of disposing of the life
of anything or anybody.
Dr. C. Do you mean to say then that you volunteer, or allow a member of
your family to volunteer, to test new medicine, rather than use an
experimental animal?
Dr. A. That’s a good question. But I think I would volunteer. I would if the
motivation to do it were strong.
Dr. C. Suppose you would. But do you expect there would be enough
volunteers for a drug to be fully tested? Don’t you think that the
practice of using human volunteers might result in another
thalidomide (a drug once prescribed to pregnant women and proved
to be fatal for their babies) babies phenomenon?
Dr. A. Sorry, I didn’t catch the last point. Would you mind explaining it?
Dr. C. Not at all. What I mean is that the experiment might bring no
damage whatever to the subject himself. But nobody knows how
harmful the effect of it may be on the descendants.
2.Memorise the organizing elements of discussion:
A) reference to what has been sais
you mentioned that…
you argued that…
you said that…
B) inviting to expand on the previous point
Could you specify what…
Would you say that again?
Your point is not quite clear yet.
C) making sure you understand
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Did I understand you correctly that…?
If I understand you correctly, you are saying that …
So, what you are saying is …
3.Complete :
a) the questions using the following words:
Clarification, exactly, particular, clear, precisely, specific
- Are there any _______ regulations we need to know about?
- Could you be more ______, in particular, the amount of investment you expect from us?
- We would also like some _______ of the time scale you envisage.
- _______ how many people will be involved at our end?
- What _______ do you want? I mean, you haven’t actually said what sort of return you are expecting.
- One final point. We are not ______ about the total amount of money needed to finance the project. Are you sure that there are no hidden costs here?
b) the answers using the following words:
Answer, exact, simply, need, precise, concerned
- Well, I’ll be as _______ as I can at this point. We anticipate that the whole project will be completed by the end of the next year at the very latest.
- As far as we are _______, everything has been cleared with customs and our lawyers see no problems.
- If I can be more specific, what we _______ is a deal which guarantees at least a 20% return on our investment.
- Let me give you a categorical _______. The total investment is £800,000 and we do not anticipate any extra costs.
- To put it _______, we will need just two people – the Financial Director and the Project Manager.
- If you want an _______ figure, we would expect your investment to be no less than 25% of the total investment in the project, i.e. £200,000.
C) match the questions with the answers.
4. Ask and answer questions for details. Use one of the following phrases:
a) asking a question:
ü I am sorry, but I don’t quite understand …
ü I am sorry, but I am not really clear about …
ü I am sorry, but could you possibly explain …
ü Do I understand you correctly that…
b)giving an explanation:
ü Well, what I am trying to say is …
ü Well, the point I am trying to make is that …
ü Well, I think what it’s meant is …
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ü I have a very good reason to believe that…
Model: -TV is a unifying factor in a family.
- Would you mind explaining that? (Could you specify what
you mean by ‘unifying factor’?)
ü The manner of dressing and speaking are important characteristics of an individual.
ü Any organization can’t work without employee competence and enthusiasm.
ü Women are more emotional, less practical, more irrational and more dependant on instincts than men.
ü An unhappy personal life and the lack of money affect the old more than the young.
ü More education opens more doors to successful careers.
ü Women are equal to men in all respects.
ü Space exploration is an objective search for knowledge.
5.Memorise the following expressions :
a) Use the following to comment on a question:
ü That’s a good question. Thanks for asking it.
ü I’m glad you’ve asked me this question.
ü It’s a difficult question. I can’t give a detailed answer to it now.
ü I understood you. The idea of … seems interesting to me.
ü Well, your argument sounds convincing but don’t you think that…
ü Your remark is quite relevant. Thank you for reminding me that ..
ü Would you mind if we came back to your question later?
ü I’m not sure this question should be answered. It’s not quite relevant to the subject discussed.
ü I’m afraid you misunderstood me. I didn’t mean to say that …
b) Use the following to apologize for lack of exactness in answer:
ü I haven’t really considered the problem in this aspect, but I believe that …
ü Speaking off the cuff, I’d say that…
ü Roughly speaking, this problem might be regarded as …
ü In a way, this definition isn’t exact, but…
ü I’m afraid I am not prepared to give a detailed answer to this all at once. All I could say is …
ü I am afraid that this information is not available at the moment.
ü I am afraid I don’t have that information at hand.
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c)Use the following if you need more time :
ü Let me see…
ü Just let me think about it …
ü You see…
ü You know …
UNIT 14
TEST
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