Рекомендации по выполнению контрольной работы № 5
Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу № 5 необходимо усвоить следующие разделы изучаемого курса иностранного (английского) языка:
1. Согласование времен. Перевод предложений из прямой речи в косвенную.
2. Времена глагола в действительном и страдательном залогах.
3. Модальные глаголы.
4. Сослагательное наклонение.
Устная тема: Электротехника и электротехнологии.
CONTROL WORK 5
Variant 1
Задание 1. Почитайте и переведите текст. Составьте 5 вопросов по тексту
ELECTRICITY
It is impossible to imagine our civilization without electricity: economic and social progress will be turned to the past and our daily lives completely transformed.
Electrical power has become universal. Thousands of applications of electricity such as lighting, electrochemistry and electrometallurgy are longstanding and unquestionable.
With the appearance of the electrical motor, power cables replaced transmission shafts, gear wheels, belts and pulleys1 in the 19-th century workshops. And in the home a whole range of various time and labour saving appliances2 have become a part of our everyday lives.
Other devices are based on specific properties of electricity: electrostatics in the case of photocopying machine and electromagnetism in the case of radar and television. These applications have made electricity most widely used.
The first industrial application was in the silver workshops in Paris. The generator — a new compact source of electricity — was also developed there. The generator replaced the batteries and other devices that had been used before.
Electric lighting came into wide use at the end of the last century with the development of the electric lamp by Thomas Edison. Then the transformer was invented, the first electric lines and networks were set up, dynamos and induction motors3 were designed.
Since the beginning of the 20th century the successful development of electricity has begun throughout the industrial world. The consumption of electricity has doubled every ten years.
Today consumption of electricity per capita4 is an indicator of the state of development and economic health of a nation. Electricity has replaced other sources of energy as it has been realized that it offers improved service and reduced cost.
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One of the greatest advantages of electricity is that it is clean, easily-regulated and generates no by-products5. Applications of electricity now cover all fields of human activity from house washing machines to the latest laser devices. Electricity is the efficient source of some of the most recent technological advances such as the laser and electron beams. Truly electricity provides mankind with the energy of the future.
Задание 2. Поставьте глагол в скобках в Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect
1. In his youth, he (be) lazy. 2. The children (make) so much noise that we couldn’t hear each other. 3. It (rain) when we got out. 4. When I called Frank, his mother told me that he (already/ leave). 5. A lot of people (die) in the Second World War. 6. My sister (buy) some new clothes last week. 7. He (smoke) his last cigarette two month ago. 8. Ken (be) in the army for ten years before he resigned and married. 9. He (break) his tooth when he (eat) his lunch. 10. I (not/ do) anything special at the weekend. I (watch) TV.
Задание 3. Поставьте глагол в скобках в Future Simple или Future Perfect
1. I (check) my home exercise tomorrow. 2. I (finish) a composition by 8 o’clock in the evening. 3. We (have) lunch by 3 o’clock and then we will go for a walk. 4. We (build) our country house next year. 5. The pupils of our class (visit) the Tretyakov Gallery next Sunday. 6. It is possible that by the year 2050 scientists (find) the remedy to cure cancer. 7. Kate (wash) up after the party. 8. Oleg thinks he (find) a prestigious job in future if he receives a good education. 9. The builders (build) the school by the 1st of September.10. I (finish) my work in an hour.
Задание 4. Переведите предложения в косвенную речь
1. Father: Don’t forget to write a letter. 2. Nick: You may ride my bike. 3. Mary: The weather is beautiful today. 4. Mr Ford: You will have much work tomorrow. 5. Jane: I lost my keys and I don’t know what to do. 6. Mrs Hillary: I’d like to tell you one interesting thing. 7. Postman: There are no letters for you today. 8. Teacher: Who is on duty today? 9. Salesgirl: I would recommend you these fresh cakes. 10 . Taxi driver: Your hotel is not far from here.
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Задание 5. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами, подходящими по смыслу.
1. ___you speak any foreign languages? 2. Liz___get tired of her job. It is so boring. 3. Although it contains many difficult words, I___read this book now. 4. Take an umbrella. It___rain later. 5. Jack___go to hospital yesterday. 6. You look tired. You___go to bed. 7. You___do it. I've already done it. 8. ___it be true? 9. ___we stay or leave? 10. Jane was so tired. She___have worked days and nights.
CONTROL WORK 5
Variant 2
Задание 1. Почитайте и переведите текст. Составьте 5 вопросов по тексту
WHAT IS ENGINEERING?
In general, engineering is a science that deals with design, construction and operation of structures, machines, engines and other devices. Engineer is a person who has received technical education and has a basic knowledge of other engineering fields, because most engineering problems are complex and interrelated. The term engineering is difficult to translate into Russian because it has a lot of meanings. Most often it is translated as: инженерное дело, техника, машиностроение, строительство. There exist the following main branches of engineering.
Electrical and Electronics Engineering is the widest field of engineering, concerned with systems and devices that use electric power and signals. Among the most important subjects in the field are electric power and machinery, electronic circuits, control systems, computer design, superconductors, solid-state electronics, robotics, lasers, radar, consumer electronics, and fibre optics.
Electrical engineering can be divided into four main branches: electric power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.
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Electronic Engineering deals with the research, design and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information.
The revolution in electronics is the trend towards integrating electronic device on a single tiny chip of silicon or some other semiconductive material. Much of the research in electronics is directed towards creating even smaller chips, faster switching of components, and three-dimensional integrated circuits.
Задание 2. Поставьте глагол в скобках в Past Simple, Past Continuous, Past Perfect
1.She (lose) her umbrella on the train. 2. Nobody (know) Princess Diana completely. 3. When the performance (end), the audience went home. 4. I (not/ know) my grandmother. 5. She (die) when I was two years old. 6. While Sam (write) his letter, the telephone (ring). 7. Everybody (do) something when a new employee (come) in. 8. When we finally got to the airport, the plane (already/ take off). 9. She (always/ criticise) people when she was younger.
Задание 3. Поставьте глагол в скобках в Future Simple или Future Continuous
1. We (have) a party next Sunday. 2. We (have) a party from seven to ten next Sunday. 3. I think I (read) a new article tomorrow. 4. He (work) from 8 to 9 p.m. on Saturday. 5. At this time tomorrow I (swim) in the river. 6. Jane (walk) in the park next weekend if the weather is good. 7. We (learn) English from 5 to 7 o’clock tomorrow. 8. I (do) my homework quickly and go for a walk. 9. I think I (do) my homework for half an hour.
Задание 4. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужном времени, используя правила согласования времен в английском языке
1. I didn’t know that you already (read) this book. 2. He did it better than I (expect). 3. He said that the bus (be) here soon. 4. I think it all happened soon after the meeting (end). 5. They decided that they (bring) us all the necessary books. 6. He said that he (can) not do it without my help. 7. He asked the students whether they (solve) a problem. 8. It was decided that we (start) our work at eight o’clock. 9. I told you that I (leave) for Minsk on the following day. 10. The boy didn’t know that he already (receive) a good mark.
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Задание 5. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами can, can’t, couldn’t, must, mustn’t, needn’t.
1. Excuse me … you help me? 2. I am sorry, but I … lend you the money. I am short of money myself. 3. Don’t drive so fast! You … drive faster than 30 miles an hour here! 4. Yesterday I … go to the doctor’s. I … go to school. 5. It is not an important meeting. You … come, if you … find the time. 6. It is getting late … you work a little faster? 7. It is not as late as you think. We … walk so fast. We … take our time. 8. If you want to pas your exams you … work harder. 9. Yesterday it was raining so we … play outside. I hope we … go outside tomorrow. 10. Where … I buy a pair of jeans like those? – You … buy them here in Britain. I bought these in the USA.
CONTROL WORK 5
Variant 3
Задание 1. Почитайте и переведите текст. Составьте 5 вопросов по тексту
SOLAR LIGHT BY NIGHT
Most people living in towns consider it a usual thing that streets are lit at night. But street lights need a power supply therefore distant areas with no source of electricity remain in darkness until the sun comes up again.
With new appliances now offered by several British firms, many distant places could be lit with solar-powered street lights. It may seem strange that the lamps can use the power of the sun which shines by day when the lamps are needed at night, but they work by using energy accumulated during the day from a solar panel. The solar panel produces electricity which charges a battery. When the sun goes down, the battery power is then used for lighting. Each lamp has its own panel so the system can be used for one individual light or a number of them.
In the south of Saudi Arabia a motorway tunnel miles from any power supply is lit day and night by solar-powered devices. The solar panels provide power during the day and charge batteries which accumulate enough power to light the tunnel at night. The generation of electricity by batteries is still expensive but the advantage of sun-powered lamps is that they can bring light to areas distant from any other power supply.
There is one more advantage of solar power: not only it is unlimited, but also its use does not pollute the environment. That is why it is very important to develop devices which make it possible to transform solar power into mechanical or electric forms of power.
Задание 2. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужном времени, соблюдая правила образования условных предложений
1. The trains all (stop)…………………….if it snowed heavily. 2. If you (go out)…………in cold weather without a coat, you would catch a cold. 3. If I saw a cheap second-hand car, I (buy)……….. it. 4. If you ate well and exercised regularly, you (live)……………to be 100 years old. 5. You would have a bad stomach if you (eat)……………too much of that cake. 6. If it (rain)………..this afternoon, I (take) ………………my umbrella. 7. If you didn’t drive carefully, you (have)…………….an accident. 8. If you (study)……………..for a higher qualification, you (get) …………. a better job next year. 9. If you sent the letter by first class mail, it (get) ………….there the following day.
Задание 3. Поставьте глагол в скобках в Future Simple, Future Continuous, Future Perfect
1. We (have) a party next Sunday. 2. We (have) a party from seven to ten next Sunday. 3. I think I (read) a new article tomorrow. 4. He (work) from 8 to 9 p.m. on Saturday. 5. At this time tomorrow I (swim) in the river. 6. I (check) my home exercise tomorrow. 7. I (finish) a composition by 8 o’clock in the evening. 8. We (have) lunch by 3 o’clock and then we will go for a walk. 9. We (build) our country house next year. 10. The pupils of our class (visit) the Tretyakov Gallery next Sunday.
Задание 4. Поставьте глагол в скобках в нужном времени, используя правила согласования времен в английском языке
1. It was decided that we (start) our work at eight o’clock. 2. I told you that I (leave) for Minsk on the following day. 3. The boy didn’t know that he already (receive) a good mark. 4. He wanted to know what (become) of the books. 5. The visitors were told that the secretary just (go out) and (come back) in half an hour. 6. He said we (may) keep the books. 7. We thought that she not (be able) to make his work in time and therefore (offer) to help her. 8. When I came they (tell) me that he (leave) half an hour before. 9. It was soon clear to the teacher that the control work (be) a difficult one. 10. I decided that next year I (go) to see my old friend again. I not (see) him since he (go) to Moscow.
Задание 5. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами, подходящими по смыслу
1. We … cancel the meeting. The proposals are not ready yet. 2. Sorry I won’t be in Moscow at that time. I … go to Minsk. My parents will celebrate their fortieth wedding anniversary. 3. You … thank them. They have done so much for you. 4. The shop was losing money, so they … close down. 5. You … exercise every day to keep fit. 6. He is overworking. He really … go to bed earlier. 7. I have a splitting headache. I … take an aspirin. 8. I know you … do the job because you have knowledge and experience. 9. We told him he … go home. 10. You … drive carefully, it is foggy today.
CONTROL WORK 5
Variant 4
Задание 1. Почитайте и переведите текст. Составьте 5 вопросов по тексту
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