MECHANICAL PROPERTIES of MATERIALS
Nbsp; Министерство образования Республики Башкортостан ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж ОДОБРЕНО УТВЕРЖДАЮ Председатель МЦК «Иностранный язык» Зам. директора по УР ________ Гильмиярова Г.В. _________ Дымова Г.Р. « ___ » __________ 2017г. « __» _________2017г.
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Контрольные задания
по дисциплине «Иностранный язык»
для студентов 2 курса
заочной формы обучения
Специальность:
13.02.02
Теплоснабжение и теплотехническое оборудование
Уфа 2017
Организация-разработчик: ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж
Разработчики:
Дикушина Е.Р., преподаватель ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж
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Гильмиярова Г.В., преподаватель ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж
Обсуждена на заседании МЦК «Иностранный язык»,
Протокол № _ от « _ » __________ 201_года
Контрольная работа №2
Тема №1 Моя будущая профессия
1. Пройдите по ссылке.
2. Ознакомьтесь с предложенным материалом.
3. Составьте план текста.
Http://pullion.com/book-reports/126-essay-my-future-profession.html
Grammar Exercise
Present Tenses.
Выберите правильный вариант из предложенных:
1. My mother is a medical nurse; she takes care of sick and old people. What ..... for a living?
a. does your mother do
b. is your mother doing
c. has your mother done
d. has your mother been doing
2. Jake is a good footballer. Do you know since when ..... football?
a. he has been playing
b. he plays
c. has he been playing
d. is he playing
3. Zeta has sent me two letters; neither of which ..... .
a. has arrived
b. have arrived
c. arrive
d. is arriving
4. What ..... with yourself? There is mud all over you!
a. has you been doing
b. are you doing
c. did you do
d. have you been doing
5. Jerry promised to come to work in time. He is not here, and he even ..... .
a. isn’t calling
b. hasn't called
c. hasn't been calling
d. doesn’t call
6. I am sorry Ann can’t come to the phone right now because she ..... a shower.
a. is taking
b. has taken
c. takes
d. has been taking
7. - Hello! May I speak to John, please? - Sorry, he is out. He has gone to the library. He ..... for his History exam there.
a. has been reading
b. is reading
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c. reads
d. has read
8. - Do you remember me? - Of course, I do. We ..... several times before.
a. have met
b. meet
c. met
d. have been meeting
9. The government is worried because the number of people without jobs ..... .
a. increases
b. has increased
c. is increasing
d. has been increasing
10. Paul looks young for his age. He says he is 56 years old, but nobody ..... him.
a. hasn’t believed
b. is not believing
c. believes
d. believe
Тема № 2 Образование
1. Прочитайте текст со словарем.
2.Выполните упражнение после текста.
THE BIRMINGHAM UNIVERSITY
The University of Birmingham was founded in 1900. At present it has more than 20,000 students. An emphasis upon research in all schools is one of the characteristics of the University.
Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering is one of five Schools of Engineering at the University of Birmingham. Its other Schools are Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Metallurgy and Materials.
The courses given in the School are designed primarily to provide a broad education in the fundamental mechanical engineering sciences and in economics and business studies. The advanced courses in the School of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering lead to careers in the fields of design, research, development and production in industry; the government service; the national research laboratories and higher learning institutions; and to those in some branches of teaching.
One group of courses serves the Industrial Engineering stream and the other serves the Engineering Science stream. The former is intended for students whose interests lie mainly in the design and production side of engineering, the latter is meant for those who are analytically-minded and who wish to study in depth the theoretical techniques used by engineers. After following a common first year and before entering the second year, students are divided into two streams on the basis of their own choice. The courses of study include mechanical production, electronic and electrical engineering, metallurgy, mathematics and economics. They are supported by laboratory and drawing office exercises. In both cases students are engaged in practical work with engineering firms during the summer vacation.
Завершите предложения, выбрав соответствующие окончания
1. The School of Manufacturing and Mechanical Engineering is...
2. The courses given include...
3. After the first year...
4. They are...
5. Both streams are served...
6. The Engineering Science stream course is intended for students...
7. Students who are interested in design and production...
8. The courses of study are supported by...
9. During summer vacations students are engaged in...
a) by different groups of courses.
b) the Industrial Engineering stream and the Engineering Science stream.
c) practical work with engineering firms.
d) one of the five Schools of Engineering at the University.
e) laboratory and drawing office exercises.
f) students are divided into two streams.
g) study the Industrial Engineering stream course.
h) mechanical engineering sciences, economics and business studies.
i) who wish to study the theoretical techniques.
Тема № 3 Профессия инженера
1. Пройдите по ссылке.
2. Ознакомьтесь с предложенным материалом.
3. Составьте план текста.
http://education.seattlepi.com/classes-must-taken-order-become-engineer-2705.html
Grammar Exercise
"Past Tenses"
Выберите правильный вариант из предложенных:
1. Before Adam got married, he ..... hiking to the mountains every summer. Now he goes to the seaside with his wife.
a. went
b. would go
c. had gone
d. had been going
2. When I was young, I ..... that people over forty were very old. Now that I am forty myself I don’t think so.
a. thought
b. used to think
c. was thinking
d. had thought
3. I looked everywhere for my car keys and then I remembered that my son ..... the car to work.
a. took
b. had taken
c. was taking
d. had been taking
4. When I first ..... to England in 1938, I thought I knew English well.
a. came
b. had come
c. was coming
d. had been coming
5 . Dinosaurs were the largest animals ever to live on earth, and they ..... the Earth for a very long period of time.
a. ruled
b. were ruling
c. had ruled
d. had been ruling
6. She was not interested in the book because she ..... it.
a. hadn’t understood
b. didn’t understand
c. wasn’t understanding
d. hadn’t been understanding
7. I didn’t see Linda last month because she ..... around Europe at that time.
a. travelled
b. was travelling
c. had travelled
d. had been travelling
8. He had been away for many years and when he visited his native town, he saw that it ..... greatly.
a. changed
b. was changing
c. had been changing
d. had changed
9. Our clothes were wet because we ..... in the rain.
a. had been walking
b. had walked
c. were walking
d. walked
10. Our neighbours called the police when they found out that somebody ..... into their house.
a. broke
b. was breaking
c. had broken
d. had been breaking
Тема № 4 Ученые и их изобретения
1. Прочитайте текст со словарем.
2. Выполните упражнение после текста.
JAMES WATT
James Watt was born in Greenock, Scotland, and was taught at home. Later he went to Greenock Grammar School.
His technical expertise seems to have been obtained from working in his father’s workshop and from early in life he showed academic promise. His early formal training was as an instrument maker in London and Glasgow.
Watt combined the expertise of a scientist with that of a practical engineer, for later he was not only to improve the heat engine but also to devise new mechanisms.
Watt was interested in making experimental models of steam engines and this marks a historical milestone in engineering development, for they were the first experimental apparatus purposely constructed for engineering research. Watt’s early interest in steam arose from experience in repairing a model steam engine in 1764, and in 1765 he invented the separate steam condenser. In 1769 he took out a patent on the condenser in which steam came into direct contact with cold water. That was a milestone by which steam engineering reached its practical and usable form.
In 1784 he took out a patent for a reaction turbine at a time when continental engineers were only considering similar approaches. An improved centrifugal governor was to follow in 1788 and a design for a pressure gauge in 1790.
In the development of the steam engine James Watt represents the perfecting of a sequence of stages beginning with the Newcomen engine and ending with the parallel motion and sun/planet gearing.
The latter is said to have been invented by William Murdock but patented by Watt.
In the scientific field Watt’s finest memorial, apart from steam engines, is his establishment of the unit of power — the rate of doing work. He coined the term horsepower (hp), one horse being defined as equivalent to 33,000 ft lb/min.
James Watt died in 1819 in Heathfield, after a life of incomparable technical value. Later, a statue to Watt was placed in Westminster Abbey.
На основании полученной из текста информации заполните следующую таблицу.
| Time | Watt’s activity and its results |
| 1764 | repairing a model steam engine |
| 1765 | |
| 1769 | |
| 1784 | |
| 1788 | |
| 1790 |
Тема № 5 Единицы измерения
1. Пройдите по ссылке.
2. Ознакомьтесь с предложенным материалом.
3. Составьте краткую аннотацию текста.
http://www.europeword.com/blog/europe/the-metric-system-in-europe/
Grammar Exercise
"Future Tenses"
Выберите правильный вариант из предложенных:
1. Did you write that letter to Jack? - Oh, I forgot. Thanks for reminding me. I ..... it in the evening.
a. will have written
b. will have been writing
c. will write
d. am writing
2. By the first of December this year I ..... here for fifteen years already.
a. will have been working
b. will work
c. will have worked
d. will be working
3. The windows in my flat are dirty. I haven't cleaned them yet. I ..... it this Saturday.
a. will do
b. will be doing
c. am doing
d. am going to do
4. My father is repairing our car. We hope that by Sunday he ..... it.
a. will have repaired
b. will repair
c. will be repairing
d. will have been repairing
5. Don't wait for him, he won’t come for supper; he ..... late.
a. will come
b. will have come
c. is coming
d. will be coming
6. Mother has given Sue some pocket money. But she is spending it very quickly. So, by the end of the week she ..... all of it.
a. will have spent
b. will spend
c. will be spending
d. will have been spending
7. By the time Mother comes home Peter ..... all the ice-cream.
a. will eat
b. will have eaten
c. will have been eating
d. will be eating
8. I don't know what he thinks about it, but I ..... him.
a. am asking
b. will have asked
c. will ask
d. will be asking
9. I am reading an English book now. It is so interesting that by the end of the day I ..... reading it.
a. am finishing
b. will have finished
c. will be finishing
d. will finish
10. Ted is looking for a job. He is a good worker and I hope that by the end of the month he ..... a good job.
a. will find
b. is going to find
c. will have found
d. is finding
Тема № 6 Металлы
1. Прочитайте тексты со словарем.
2. Составьте глоссарий основных слов и понятий по теме.
1.FERROUS METALS
Different metals are widely used in the machine-building industry. There are two groups of metals: ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals.
Ferrous metals consist of iron combined with carbon, silicon, phosphorus and other elements. Carbon is the most important of all elements present in ferrous alloys. Ferrous metals are used in industry in two general forms; steel and cast iron, which differ in the quantity of carbon content". These two ferrous alloys are derived from pig iron which is produced in a blast furnace in the form of pigs. Metals are usually melted and poured into a form which is called a "mould". This process is known as casting. The cast metal is shaped in the mould where it cools and solidifies. The shop where metals are cast is called a "foundry". Castings are used in building engines, automobiles and airplanes, and different types of machinery. Steel is iron with a very little carbon content (from 0.05 to 1.7 per cent), which makes it much stronger than iron and is therefore widely used in machine-building. But very much carbon makes steel brittle, which reduces its strength. Therefore the carbon content in steel is confined to certain limits. Cast iron contains a higher percentage of carbon than steel does (more than 2.0 per cent). It is very cheap, in fact, it is the cheapest of all the engineering metals used in machine-building.
NON-FERROUS METALS
Non-ferrous metals are more expensive than ferrous metals and are used only when some characteristic not possessed by iron of steer is essential or desirable in application. These characteristics are: high electrical "and thermal conductivity, high corrosion resistance, non-magnetic qualities, light weight, etc.
The metals most frequently used to make non-ferrous metal castings are copper, tin, zinc, lead, nickel, gold and aluminium.
Copper is a reddish-brown, tough metal. It has very high electric conductivity and high corrosion-resistant qualities. Copper is used for making electrical contacts and wires, pipes, telephone cables, tanks, water heaters, etc.
Zinc is a hard, brittle, bluish-white metal that is employed in the pure form as sheet zinc.
Lead is a very heavy bluish-grey metal/which is very soft. This metal is highly resistant to corrosion, but its strength is so low that it must be supported by a core of some other metal. Lead is used for lining pipes, acid tanks and coating electrical cables.
Aluminium is a soft, silvery white metal. It is light in weight, has high corrosion-resistant qualities and is used for automobile and airplane parts as well as for making different light-weight objects used in everyday life such as: frames, cooking utensils, chairs, etc.
Tin is a silvery, corrosion-resistant metal. Tin is hardly used in pure form, but is employed as an alloying element.
Nickel is a hard, tough, silvery metal. It has high corrosion-resistant qualities and is used for plating other metals such as iron or brass.
There are many applications of non-ferrous metals in the unalloyed state, but in most cases, some alloying element is added. The above-mentioned non-ferrous metals may be mixed in various proportions to form many alloys, chief among them being brasses, bronzes, and aluminium alloys.
Brasses are yellowish or reddish alloys of copper and zinc in different proportions (about 60 per cent copper and 40 per cent zinc, but some brasses contain as high as 90 реr cent copper with only 10 per cent zinc). An addition, of tin makes brasses stronger. Brasses are very ductile and may be treated without heating them. They are corrosion-resistant and are used for making musical instruments, bearings.
Bronze is an alloy containing primarily copper and tin, but other elements may be added to the alloy to increase ' its properties such as hardness and resistance to wear. The most common bronzes are known as straight bronze, phosphor bronze, and manganese bronze.
Aluminium Alloys. Aluminium is used extensively for castings that are; to be light in weight, light in colour, or that must not rust. Since aluminium is too soft for making castings, it is necessary to mix some other metals with it. The metals that alloy freely with aluminium are copper, zinc, and iron.
Тема № 7 Свойства материалов
1. Прочитайте текст со словарем.
2. Выполните упражнение после текста.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES of MATERIALS
Materials Science and Technology is the study of materials and how they can be fabricated to meet the needs of modern technology. Using the laboratory techniques and knowledge of physics, chemistry, and metallurgy, scientists are finding new ways of using metals, plastics and other materials.
Engineers must know how materials respond to external forces, such as tension, compression, torsion, bending, and shear. All materials respond to these forces by elastic deformation. That is, the materials return their original size and form when the external force disappears. The materials may also have permanent deformation or they may fracture. The results of external forces are creep and fatigue.
Compression is a pressure causing a decrease in volume. When a material is subjected to a bending, shearing, or torsion (twisting) force, both tensile and compressive forces are simultaneously at work. When a metal bar is bent, one side of it is stretched and subjected to a tensional force, and the other side is compressed.
Tension is a pulling force; for example, the force in a cable holding a weight. Under tension, a material usually stretches, returning to its original length if the force does not exceed the material's elastic limit. Under larger tensions, the material does not return completely to its original condition, and under greater forces the material ruptures.
Fatigue is the growth of cracks under stress. It occurs when a mechanical part is subjected to a repeated or cyclic stress, such as vibration. Even when the maximum stress never exceeds the elastic limit, failure of the material can occur even after a short time. No deformation is seen during fatigue, but small localized cracks develop and propagate through the material until the remaining cross-sectional area cannot support the maximum stress of the cyclic force. Knowledge of tensile stress, elastic limits, and the resistance of materials to creep and fatigue are of basic importance in engineering.
Creep is a slow, permanent deformation that results from a steady force acting on a material. Materials at high temperatures usually suffer from this deformation. The gradual loosening of bolts and the deformation of components of machines and engines are all the examples of creep. In many cases the slow deformation stops because deformation eliminates the force causing the creep. Creep extended over a long time finally leads to the rupture of the material.
Переведите следующие словосочетания:
1. отвечать требованиям современной технологии
2. используя лабораторные методы
3. новые способы использования металлов
4. сжатие, растяжение, изгиб, кручение, срез
5. возвращать первоначальный размер и форму
6. внешняя сила
7. постоянная деформация
8. уменьшение объема
9. растягивающие и сжимающие силы
10. превышать предел упругости материала
11. повторяющиеся циклические напряжения
12. разрушение материала
13. развитие и распространение мелких трещин
14. сопротивление материалов ползучести и усталости
Тема № 8 Электрическая цепь
1. Пройдите по ссылке.
2. Ознакомьтесь с предложенным материалом.
3. Подготовьте краткое эссе по теме.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circuit_diagram
Grammar Exercise
Порядок слов в предложении
Выберите правильный порядок слов в предложении:
1.
а. A, source, current, supplies, voltage.
б. Current, a, voltage, source. supplies,
в. A, voltage, source, supplies, current.
г. A, source, current, voltage, supplies.
2.
а. Electrodes, are, used, as, terminals.
б. As, terminals, used, electrodes, are.
в. Used, as, terminals, electrodes, are.
г. Electrodes, are, terminals, used, as.
3.
а. Connects, a, elements, circuit, of, conductor, the.
б. Elements, conductor, a, the, connects, circuit, of, the.
в. A, conductor, connects, the, elements, of, the, circuit.
г. Connects, a, conductor, the elements, circuit, of.
4.
а. Of, electricity, current, is, a flow
б. Current, is, a flow, of, electricity.
в. A flow, of, electricity, current, is.
г. Of, electricity, a, flow, current, is.
5.
а. The ammeter, is, used, to, measure, the, current.
б. The, of, current, to, measure, used, the ammeter, is.
в. Measure, of, current, used, the ammeter, is.
г. Measure, of, the ammeter, current, used, is.
6.
а. Are, metals. common, conductors, the most.
б. The most, common, conductors, are, metals.
в. Common, conductors, are, metals, the most.
г. Are, metals, the most, conductors, common.
7.
а. Conductors, have, a low, resistance.
б. Resistance, conductors, have, a low.
в. A low, conductors, resistance, have.
г. A conductors, resistance , low, have.
8.
а. Conductors, widely, used, copper, are.
б. Conductors, copper, widely, used, are.
в. Conductors, used, are, copper, widely.
г. Copper, conductors, are, widely, used.
9.
а. Is, constant, resistor, of, the value.
б. The value, of, a, resistor, is constant.
в. Of, a, the value, is constant, resistor.
г. Of, a, constant, resistor, the value, is.
10.
а. Rated, in, watts, resistors, are.
б. Watts, rated, in resistors, are.
в. Resistors, are, rated, in, watts.
г. Watts, are, rated, in resistors.
Тема № 9 Ток и напряжение
1. Пройдите по ссылке.
2. Ознакомьтесь с предложенным материалом.
3. Послушайте запись и выполните письменный перевод текста на web-странице.
Https://www.diffen.com/difference/Current_vs_Voltage
Grammar Exercise
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