III. WRITING SKILLS DEVELOPMENT. 3.1. WRITE an essay taking the sayings from Exercise 2.4 as titles

3.1. WRITE an essay taking the sayings from Exercise 2.4 as titles.

IV. ADDITIONAL READIG

4.1. READ THE TEXT AND ANSWER THE QUESTION:

What were the two great innovations in selling business made at the turn of the 20th century?

SOME FACTS ABOUT SHOPPING

Well into the 1900s, America was largely a rural country. Farm families and small town people wanted to purchase and consume like everybody else. But for years there was no way to reach them. In 1872, a former travelling salesman named Montgomery Ward hit on the idea of selling goods by mail. He suggested the idea to a farmming organisation, and the two started a long relationship. Within a little over a decade, Ward's catalogue, which had begun as a single sheet of paper, had grown to nearly 10,000 items, bringing a new world of choice and possibility to thousands of rural customers. But in 1886 two men in Chicago formed a business partnership that would grow into a retail moholyth. Their names were Richard Sears and Alvah Roebuck, though the second was never much of an active partner and sold out altogether in 1893. Sears, Roebuck & Co. offered basically the same service as Montgomery Ward. But its catalogues were live-liejvJts products cheaper. Twenty years later the business became so successful that it needed two thousand workers to process the 900 sackloads of orders it received each day! It was possible to buy almost anything from Sears. Customers could even buy a house and all its furniture from the company. The people of one North Dakota town were so taken with the company that they renamed their community Seroco, for Sears, Roebuck & Company. It is interesting to know that the national headquarters of Sears, Roebuck & Co. is the tallest office building in the world, with 110 stories rising to 1,454 feet and completed in 1974. The building's population is 16,700, served by 103 elevators. It has 16,000 windows. As foods and other household products came to be individually packaged and more conveniently transportable, it was only a matter of time before someone thought of a new way of selling them. In 1916, Clarence Saunders of Memphis, Tennessee, hit on a novel proposition that he patented under the name of Self-Serving Store. He called his first store Piggly-Wiggly because "the strange name made people curious". The idea worked well. Soon there were thousands of self-service stores in the USA.

4.2. READING COMPREHENSION TEST 4A.

Choose the correct variant on the basis of what is stated or implied in the text.

1. It was Montgomery Ward who hit on the idea of

(A) selling goods individually packaged

(B) setting up a joint venture with Sears

(D) advertising goods by E-mail

2. Sears and Roebuck created their company using the idea of

(A) publishing mail order catalogues

(B) using elecrtic signs in the streets

(D) selling goods at self-service stores

3. From the text we can understand that Sears and Roebuck Co.

(A) was a very successful business

(B) had problems with hiring workers

(D) engaged in building skyscrapers

4. Piggly-Wiggly, Sanders' name for his self-service store

(A) was hardly an innovative move

(B) was the sign of the changing times

(D) made people curious and brought many customers

5. Sanders used a strange-looking name for his store because

(A) Piggly-Wiggly sounded well

(B) Richard Sears had told him to do so

(D) he thought customers would be attracted by such a name

6. The people of one North Dakota town renamed it Seroco because they

(A) were customers of Sears and Roebuck company

(B) wanted to demonstrate their love of the company

(D) had nothing better to do in their free tim

MINI-TEST N1

I. CHOOSE THE CORRECT VARIANT.

TESCO

The company was (founded, finded, found) by Jack Cohen. There are 396 (stories, stores) with about 80.000 employees. Cohen started in 1919 with $50 worth of groceries.The name came about like this: Cohen (used, use, using) to buy unlabelled chests of food. One day in 1924 Cohen bought some chests of tea (from, at,in) the importer called T.E.Stockwell and he needed a name to put on the packaging. He took TES from the importer's initials and CO from his own and (sold, selled, sealed) the tea. Tesco's first self-service supermarket opened in 1949 (while, after, before) Cohen saw the system in operation in America. It was during (a, —, the) 1950s that Tesco started selling at lower (prizes, prices, costs). The low-price image has remained and the company's name is often used to mean (anything, nothing) cheap. Today Tesco has an expensive advertising campaign in an (effect, effort) to improve its image.

II. FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE WORDS FROM THE LIST BELOW.

HENRY FORD MUSEUM

Henry Ford Museum is a national (1)___ of American history and technology. It was (2) ___ by Henry Ford in 1929. Its (3) ___ is to collect and preserve the American experience in technology. The museum is an independent institution not (4) ___ with or (5) ___ by the Ford Motor Company. Various objects are (6) ___ at the museum. There one can get a better (7) ___ of the ways of development in transportation, communication, industry, agriculture, (8) ___, and domestic life. The collection includes the one-of-the-kind objects ranging from an 1896 Duryea — the first American production automobile — to the Lincoln in which President Kennedy was riding in Dallas. You can taste early American (9) ___, or visit the farmhouse where Henry Ford (10) ___ up. If you ever visit Detroit, Michigan, make sure you do not forget to visit the place.

WORDS TO BE FILLED IN GAPS:

a) understanding b) connected c) food d) mission

e) entertainment f) founded g) grew h) museum

i) displayed j) supported

POETS’ CORNER

VLADIMIR MAYAKOVSKY

АМЕРИКАНСКИЕ РУССКИЕ

Петров

Капланом

за пуговицу пойман.

Штаны заплатаны,

как балканская карта.

"Я вам, сэр,

назначаю апойнтман.

Вы знаете,

кажется, мой апартман?

Тудой пройдете четыре блока,

потом

сюдой дадите крен.

А если

стриткара набита,

около

можете взять

подземный трен.

Возьмите

с меняньем пересядки тикет

и прите спокойно,

будто в телеге.

Слезайте на корнере

у дрогc ликет,

а мне уж

и пинту

принес бутлегер.

Приходите ровно

в севен оклок,—

поговорим

про новости в городе

и проведем

по-московски вечерок,—

одни свои:

жена да бордер.

А с джабом завозитесь в течение дня

или

раздумаете вовсе —

тогда обязательно

отзвоните меня.

Я буду в офисе".

«Гуд бай!»—

разнеслось окрест

и кануло ветру в свист.

Мистер Петров

пошел на Вест,

а мистер Каплан —

на Ист.

Здесь, извольте видеть, "джаб",

а дома

"цуп" да "цус".

С насыпи

язык

летит на полном пуске.

Скоро

только очень образованный

француз

будет

кое-что

соображать по-русски.

Горланит

по этой Америке самой

стоязыкий

народ-оголтец.

Уж если

Одесса — Одесса-мама,

то Нью-Йорк —

Одесса-отец.

TASKS

1.LIST all the English words and expressions used by the poet. The first one is "sir".

2.DISCUSS the poem's language. Is it Russian? Or English?

3.SHARE your ideas about the poem's message. Written more than 60 years ago, does it have anything to do with modern times?

4.FIND & READ other poems by Mayakovsky from his collection entitled

"Black and White" (1926).

II. From the basics

of management

UNIT FIVE TAYLOR: THE SECRET WAS IN THE SHOVEL

I. VOCABULARY LIST

to be responsible for to generate to choose

to notice to assign a task to bring

to waste (energy) to discover to see

to research to conduct to make

to stock with equipment to handle *

to insist to share in profits to make sure

to receive a bonus to earn to make use of

to compare to suffer injuries to make clear

to perform the proper way of extra profit

little-less-the least average load work schedule

II. VOCABULARY WORK

2.1. CHOOSE ACCORDING TO THE DEFINITION.

___ 1) to produce

___ 2) anything assigned as a task

___ 3) to use without return, to lose

___ 4) to put aside for future use

___ 5) to maintain repeatedly

___ 6) to divide and give out in portions

___ 7) to receive as recompense for work

___ 8) to examine so as to see differences

___ 9) a manner of operating or functioning

___ 10) specially adapted or suited

___ 11) a detailed and timed plan

___ 12) a benefit

___ 13) to be affected injuriously

___ 14) to deal with something or somebody

2.2. TRANSLATE PAYING ATTENTION TO THE ITALICISED WORDS.

1. The boss insisted that we'd choose another schedule of work.

2. I think I can handle the other job, too.

3. They communicate with each other in very good English.

4. Please, make sure that other plans are discussed properly.

5. The two other shares are a little bit smaller.

6. He is responsible for another area of activities.

7. You should research each problem in every detail.

8. There were many others who wanted to earn extra money.

9. How can we compare this schedule to other ones?

10. Each of the two machines can be made use of in experiments.

11. He was doing it with the least possible effort.

12. The scientist noticed no other details of importance.

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