Text #4 The Origami Resolution
Збірник підготували: С.М. Куриш – завідувач кафедри методики викладання філологічних дисциплін ІППО Чернівецької області , доцент І.Г. Кілару – заступник директора з навчально-виховної роботи, вчитель англійської мови, спеціаліст вищої категорії,старший вчитель СЗОШ №22 м. Чернівців Н.Р. Дудук– вчитель англійської мови, спеціаліст вищої категорії,старший вчитель СЗОШ №22 м. Чернівців І.В. Гладчук– вчитель англійської мови, спеціаліст першої категорії СЗОШ №22 м. Чернівців А.В.Вербовий - вчитель англійської мови, спеціаліст вищої категорії гімназії №6м. Чернівців К.Г.Худик –асистент кафедри теорії та практики перекладу ЧНУ ім.Ю.Федьковича Рецензенти: В.В. Михайленко–Завідувач кафедрою сучасних європейських мов Буковинської державної фінансової академії С.М. Микитюк–старший викладач кафедри методики викладання філологічних дисциплін ІППОЧО Затверджено: Вченою Радою інституту післядипломної педагогічної освіти Чернівецької області, червень 2011 Збірник складено з урахуванням вимог Міністерства освіти, науки, молоді та спорту України. Тестові завдання розраховані для перевірки рівня навченості з чотирьох видів компетенції учнів середніх загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів та процесу підготовки до формату олімпіадних змагань з англійської мови, які запроваджено в Україні. Завдання стануть в нагоді учням, які готуються до зовнішнього незалежого оцінювання з англійської мови. ШАНОВНІ КОЛЕГИ! До Вашої уваги пропонується підбірка тестових завдань з англійської мови на визначення ступеня оволодіння учнями та студентами усіма видами мовленнєвої компетенції – аудіюванням, говорінням, письмом та читанням. Практичні тестові завдання розроблені згідно з Державним стандартом з англійської мови, Загальноєвропейськими рекомендаціями з мовної освіти, форматом олімпіадних та конкурсних завдань з англійської мови, які загальноприйняті в Україні. Опанування запропонованими вправами та завданнями полегшить процес підготовки учнів до тематичних атестацій, олімпіад тощо. Пропонований посібник стане особливо корисним випускникам загальноосвітніх навчальних закладів, які готуються до проходження незалежного зовнішнього оцінювання з англійської мови. Деякі тексти не мають завдань, що є певною передумовою для розвитку творчості вчителя. Креативний підхід передбачає розробку тестових завдань різного рівня складності. Ця важлива деталь праці вчителя дає змогу працювати над тестовими завданнями не тільки обдарованим, але й усім учням, які виявляють своє бажання підвищити рівень знань та вмінь з англійської мови. Бажаємо натхнення і успіху!
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Text # 1 The Effects of Stress
There is a famous expression in English: “Stop the world, I want to get off!” This expression refers to a feeling of panic, or stress, that makes a person want to stop whatever they are doing, try to relax, and become calm again. 'Stress' means pressure or tension. It is one of the most common causes of health problems in modern life. Too much stress results in physical, emotional, and mental health problems.
There are numerous physical effects of stress. Stress can affect the heart. It can increase the pulse rate, make the heart miss beats, and can cause high blood pressure. Stress can affect the respiratory system. It can lead to asthma. It can cause a person to breathe too fast, resulting in a loss of important carbon dioxide. Stress can also affect the stomach. It can cause stomach aches and problems digesting food. These are only a few examples of the wide range of illnesses and symptoms resulting from stress.
Emotions are also easily affected by stress. People suffering from stress often feel anxious. They may have panic attacks. They may feel tired all the time. When people are under stress, they often overreact to little problems. For example, a normally gentle parent under a lot of stress at work may yell at a child for dropping a glass of juice. Stress can make people angry, moody, or nervous.
Long-term stress can lead to a variety of serious mental illnesses. Depression, an extreme feeling of sadness and hopelessness, can be the result of continued and increasing stress. Alcoholism and other addictions often develop as a result of overuse of alcohol or drugs to try to relieve stress. Eating disorders, such as anorexia, are sometimes caused by stress and are often made worse by stress. If stress is allowed to continue, then one's mental health is put at risk.
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It is obvious that stress is a serious problem. It attacks the body. It affects the emotions. Untreated, it may eventually result in mental illness. Stress has a great influence on the health and well-being of our bodies, our feelings, and our minds. So, reduce stress: stop the world and rest for a while.
Statements 1 through 10 (circle + if the statement is true, - if it is false)
1. Physical, emotional, and mental problems are commonly caused by stress.
2. Stress is one of the most common causes of health problems in modern life.
3. According to the essay, the arms may suffer physical problems caused by stress.
4. Stress can affect emotions by making people feel elated and thrilled.
5. Long term stress can lead to depression and alcoholism.
6. People often develop addictions when trying to relieve stress.
7. If untreated, stress could often lead to death.
8. Stress can affect the respiratory system by causing stomach problems.
9. Stress can affect the heart by decreasing the pulse rate.
10. Symptoms of emotional stress include feeling hungry and thirsty.
Text # 2 Fearless
Among biologists, the Galápagos Islands — an archipelago of volcanic islands that straddle the equator about 600 miles from the coast of mainland Ecuador — are legendary. For when the young Charles Darwin sailed around the world in the 1830s, he visited these islands, and was struck by five things.
First, he observed that many of the animals and plants living in the Galápagos are found nowhere else in the world. Examples? Marine iguanas, which swim, eat algae and spend hours basking on the rocks. Darwin, uncharitably, described them as “hideous” and “stupid.” Then there are the giant tortoises (“antediluvian,” said Darwin), the largest of which can weigh as much as 250kg, or 550 pounds. Among the birds, there are flightless cormorants, which have stumpy little wings; and, famously, there are several unique species of finch.
Darwin’s second observation was that certain sorts of animals are missing. The islands have no frogs, for example, and until humans came, there were no land-lubbing mammals like rats or cats. Third, he noted that many of the creatures living in the Galápagos resemble, but differ from, those of the nearest continent — South America. Fourth, the inhabitants of one island often differ from those of another.
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These four observations formed an essential piece of Darwin’s evidence that evolution takes place.
Circle the correct letter A, B, C, or D:
1. The Galapagos Islands are…
A. important for chemists.
B. ordinary when observed by biologists.
C. important for biologists.
D. ordinary when observed by chemists.
2. Charles Darwin observed…
A. many plants and animals unique to the Galapagos Islands.
B. all animals in the world can be found on the Galapagos Islands.
C. in South America are the same as those on the Galapagos Islands.
D. five different kinds of animals.
3. The Galapagos Islands are all of the following EXCEPT:
A. located near South America
B. the site of a visit by Charles Darwin
C. home to many animals including frogs, rats, and cats
D. the site of important observations relating to evolution
4. To “bask on a rock” means:
A. cook using primitive tools
B. place one's food in the sun
C. use a rock to heat the atmosphere
D. lie on a rock out in the sun
5. Charles Darwin was interested in all of the following EXCEPT:
A. the flight patterns of different kinds of birds
B. the evolution of different species of animals
C. animals on the Galapagos Islands as compared to animals in other places
D. why certain animals are not present on the Galapagos Islands
Text #3 Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland
“What I was going to say,” said the Dodo in an offended tone, “was, that the best thing to get us dry would be a Caucus-race.”
“What is a Caucus-race?” said Alice; not that she wanted much to know, but the Dodo had paused as if it thought that somebody ought to speak, and no one else seemed inclined to say anything.
“Why,” said the Dodo, “the best way to explain it is to do it.” (And, as you might like to try the thing yourself, some winter day, I will tell you how the Dodo managed it.)
First it marked out a race-course, in a sort of circle, (“the exact shape doesn’t matter,” it said,) and then all the party were placed along the course, here and there. There was no “One, two, three, and away,” but they began running when they liked, and left off when they liked, so that it was not easy to know when the race was over. However, when they had been running half an hour or so, and were quite dry again, the Dodo suddenly called out, “The race is over!” and they all crowded round it, panting, and asking, “But who has won?”
This question the Dodo could not answer without a great deal of thought, and it sat for a long time with one finger pressed upon its forehead (the position in which you usually see Shakespeare, in the pictures of him), while the rest waited in silence. At last the Dodo said, “Everybody has won, and all must have prizes.”
Circle the correct letter A, B, C, or D:
1. ‘Inclined’ could be replaced by all of the following EXCEPT:
A. ready
B. likely
C. unwilling
D. excited
2. Why does the narrator explain how the Dodo conducted the race?
A. We might want to try it ourselves someday.
B. We should know how strangely the Dodo behaved.
C. It is important to know exactly how everyone got dry.
D. Shakespeare used to run these races.
3. What would “One, two, three, and away” mean?
A. It would mean that everyone should go hide.
B. It would mean that the race had started.
C. It would mean that they should begin flying.
D. It would mean that the race had ended.
4. Why did the Dodo think so long before deciding who won?
A. It was trying to remember who crossed the finish line first.
B. It couldn’t remember all of the rules.
C. It put his finger on its forehead because it had a terrible headache.
D. There were no rules and it was making them up as it went.
5. Which of the following best describes the Dodo’s character?
A. organized and dishonest
B. dependable and fickle
C. unpredictable and inventive
D. cruel and streetwise
Text #4 The Origami Resolution
Since childhood, Dr. Robert Lang has practiced origami. It was the convergence of his intensely creative mind and this ancient Japanese tradition that gave rise to his unique style of origami, which he developed into a renewed art and ultimately a science of practical application.
His intricate paper insect creations were a departure from the standard boats and cranes that have long been the tradition of origami. Over time his works grew more complex, featuring hundreds of folds and multiple pieces of paper, such as a full-scale cuckoo clock. Between his efforts to earn a PhD in applied physics, his job at NASA’s Jet Propulsion laboratory, his eighty technical papers, and his forty-six patents in optoelectronics and lasers, he somehow found time to implement and evolve a number of original origami designs.
The practicality of his scientific research began to influence his origami designs, until the line between the two began to blur. He participated in a project at EASi Engineering to develop complicated crease patterns for airbag folding designs. Lang also worked to design a mesh wire heart support to be folded and implanted in congestive heart failure patients; once inside, it would expand, protecting the heart. His most ambitious project to date, however, is shared with a team at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, with whom he has developed a space telescope – one that is forty times larger than the Hubble and collapsible for space travel through a series of precise origami folds.
Circle the correct letter A, B, C, or D:
1. Lang’s style of origami originated from a combination of…
A. practical application and creative mind.
B. a creative mind and renewed art.
C. Japanese tradition and a creative mind.
D. Japanese tradition and practical science.
2. Lang’s paper insects were…
A. almost the same as traditional or standard origami.
B. very different from traditional origami.
C. based on traditional boats and cranes.
D. traditional origami creations.
3. Because of his work and projects in science, he:
A. probably didn’t have a lot of time to make origami.
B. had a lot of time to make origami.
C. could use special equipment for making origami.
D. earned a PhD based on origami.
4. Lang’s origami has been used for…
A. design in airplanes.
B. design in wire fences.
C. clothing creases.
D. mesh enclosures.
5. His telescope design...
A. is sponsored by the NASA jet propulsion lab.
B. can be folded up so that it is easy to travel with.
C. is almost as big as the Hubble telescope.
D. was his most expensive project.
Text #5 Lonely Planet Armenia
Armenian cuisine is a national treasure, a delicate mix of lightly spiced meats, fresh salads, lots of chewy light lavash bread and home-made specialities dating back centuries. It combines elements of the cuisines of all its historic neighbours—Arabic, Russian, Greek and Persian—but remains distinctive. Scientists believe that the first wheat was grown on the southern flanks of historic Armenia, south of Lake Van, while the Romans dubbed the apricot prunus armeniaca, or Armenian prune.
Broadly speaking, western Armenian cuisine is more similar to Lebanese and Turkish cooking, while eastern Armenian has more Russian and Georgian influences. Besides khoravats, staples include dolmas (rice wrapped in vine leaves), soups, vegetable stews and lavash fresh from the oven. Armenians aren’t afraid to throw in garlic and salt by the handful to boost the flavour. Hors d’oeurves include cold salads, salty cheese and dips such as jajik (yogurt with cucumbers and fennel). Tan abour is yogurt soup sprinkled with parsley and fennel, much admired for its curative qualities. Pastries appear everywhere, such as Georgian khachapuri (cheese pies) and bourek (flaky pastry with salty cheese and spinach). Cured meats include sujukh or yeghchick (dark, cured spicy sausage) and basturma (finely cured ham). Desserts included honey-drenched baklava and sweetly crunchy kedayif (dessert pastry), though thick chocolate cakes and tortes are popular in the region too.
The most popular drink is soorch (Armenian coffee), also claimed by Georgians, Greeks, and Arabs; a potent, finely ground cup of lusciously rich coffee, with thick sediment at the bottom. It goes well with honeyed pastries such as baklava. Tea is also popular, as are local soft drinks like Hay Cola. There is an interesting array of mineral and table waters, ranging from salty, volcanic Jermuk to lighter Noy and Dilijan waters. Fruit juices are cheap and delicious.
There are hundreds of fine meat-free dishes in the Armenian cookbook, but at restaurants the options might only be salad, grilled vegetables, bread and cheese. Tomatoes, rice, aubergines, courgettes and a profusion of herbs and spices have created a wealth of vegetarian dishes. Western Armenian cuisine has hummus, tabouleh and other dishes associated with Lebanese cuisine, and there are lots of home-made ratatouilles made from beans, carrots and onions with olive oil. Kartofel (pilaf rice) is a buttery mix of dried raisins, apricots and other spices.
Circle the correct letter A, B, C, or D:
1. What does “dubbed” in the first paragraph most nearly mean?
A. having altered the dialogue of a movie or song into another language
B. having given a name to something
C. having mistakenly thought something
D. having refused to eat something
2. Which two words from the text are near synonyms?
A. “staples” and “potent”
B. “dolmas” and “pastries”
C. “an array” and “a profusion”
D. “soft drinks” and “desserts”
3. Armenian cuisine seems:
A. diverse and natural
B. unwholesome and boring
C. limited and bland
D. spicy and repetitive
4. According to the text, all of the following dishes are also found in other cultures EXCEPT:
A. khachapuri
B. hummus
C. soorch
D. kedayif
5. Based on the cuisine, what can you deduce about Armenia’s history?
A. Armenia has probably been isolated from other cultures for hundreds of years.
B. There were probably many religions in Armenia that forbade the eating of meat.
C. They used to have a king who was allergic to herbs and spices.
D. Armenia has had many cultural exchanges with other countries.
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