Vile Transformation of Jupiter.



3211.

There are also innumerable adulteries of his, of which no offspring was the result,

which it were tedious to enumerate.

3212.

Yet among those whom we have mentioned, he violated some being transformed, like a magician.

3213.

In short, he seduced Antiope, the daughter of Nycteus, when turned into a satyr,

and of her were born Amphion and Zethus;

3214.

Alcmene, when changed into her husband Amphitryon, and of her was born Hercules;

3215.

Ægina, the daughter of Asopus, when changed into an eagle, of whom Æacus was born.

3216.

So also he defiled Ganymede, the son of Dardanus, after being changed into an eagle;

3217.

Manthea, the daughter of Phocus, when changed into a bear, of whom was born Arctos;

3218.

Danæ, the daughter of Acrisius, being changed into gold, of whom was born Perseus;

3219.

Europa, the daughter of Phœnix, changed into a bull,

of whom were born Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon;

3220.

Eurymedusa, the daughter of Achelaus, being changed into an ant, of whom was born Myrmidon;

3221.

Thalia, the nymph, being changed into a vulture, of whom were born the Palisci, in Sicily;

3222.

Imandra, the daughter of Geneanus, at Rhodes, being changed into a shower;

3223.

Cassiopeia, being changed into her husband Phœnix, and of her was born Anchinos;

3224.

Leda, the daughter of Thestius, being changed into a swan, of whom was born Helen;

3225.

and again the same, being changed into a star, and of her were born Castor and Pollux;

3226.

Lamia, being changed into a lapwing;

3227.

Mnemosyne, being changed into a shepherd, of whom were born the nine Muses;

3228.

Nemesis, being changed into a goose;

3229.

the Cadmian Semele, being changed into fire, and of her was born Dionysius.

3230.

By his own daughter Ceres he begot Persephone,

3231.

whom also herself he defiled, being changed into a dragon.

 

 

Why a God?

3232.

He also committed adultery with Europa, the wife of his own uncle Oceanus,

and with her sister Eurynome, and punished their father;

3233.

and he committed adultery with Plute, the daughter of his own son Atlas,

and condemned Tantalus, whom she bore to him.

3234.

Of Larisse, the daughter of Orchomenus, he begot Tityon, whom also he consigned to punishment.

3235.

He carried off Dia, the wife of his own son Ixion, and subjected him to perpetual punishment;

3236.

and almost all the sons who sprang from his adulteries he put to violent deaths;

and indeed the sepulchres of almost all of them are well known.

3237.

Yea, the sepulchre of this parricide himself,

who destroyed his uncles and defiled their wives,

who committed whoredom with his sisters,

3238.

this magician of many transformations, is shown among the Cretans,

who, although they know and acknowledge his horrid and incestuous deeds, and tell them to all,

yet are not ashamed to confess him to be a god.

3239.

Whence it seems to me to be wonderful, yea, exceeding wonderful,

how he who exceeds all men in wickedness and crimes,

has received that holy and good name which is above every name,

being called the father of gods and men;

3240.

unless perhaps he who rejoices in the evils of men has persuaded unhappy souls to confer honour above all others upon him whom he saw to excel all others in crimes,

in order that he might allure all to the imitation of his evil deeds.

 

 

The Book of Recognitions                                                                CHAPTER ONE HUNDRED TEN

Divisions 3241-3275

Book 10

 

RECOGNITIONS 10

Folly of Polytheism.

3241.

Yet also the sepulchres of his sons, who are regarded among these the Gentiles as gods,

are openly pointed out, one in one place, and another in another:

3242.

that of Mercury at Hermopolis;

that of the Cyprian Venus at Cyprus;

3243.

that of Mars in Thrace;

that of Bacchus at Thebes, where he is said to have been torn in pieces;

3244.

that of Hercules at Tyre, where he was burnt with fire;

that of Æsculapius in Epidaurus.

3245.

And all these are spoken of, not only as men who have died,

yet as wicked men who have been punished for their crimes;

and yet they are adored as gods by foolish men.

 

Dead Men Deified.

3246.

Yet if they choose to argue, and affirm that these are rather the places of their birth than of their burial or death, the former and ancient doings shall be convicted from those at hand and still recent,

since we have shown that they worship those whom they themselves confess to have been men,

and to have died, or rather to have been punished;

3247.

as the Syrians worship Adonis,

and the Egyptians Osiris;

3248.

the Trojans, Hector;

Achilles is worshipped at Leuconesus,

3249.

Patroclus at Pontus,

Alexander the Macedonian at Rhodes;

3250.

and many others are worshipped, one in one place and another in another, whom they do not doubt to have been dead men.

3251.

Whence it follows that their predecessors also, falling into a like error,

conferred divine honour upon dead men, who perhaps had had some power or some skill,

and especially if they had stupefied stolid men by magical phantasies.

 

 

Metamorphoses.

3252.

Hence there has now been added,

that the poets also adorn the falsehoods of error by elegance of words,

and by sweetness of speech persuade that mortals have been made immortal;

3253.

yea more, they say that men are changed into stars, and trees, and animals, and flowers, and birds, and fountains, and rivers.

3254.

And except that it might seem to be a waste of words,

I could even enumerate almost all the stars, and trees, and fountains, and rivers,

which they assert to have been made of men;

3255.

yet, by way of example, I shall mention at least one of each class.

3256.

They say that Andromeda, the daughter of Cepheus, was turned into a star; Daphne,

3257.

the daughter of the river Lado, into a tree;

3258.

Hyacinthus, beloved of Apollo, into a flower;

3259.

Callisto into the constellation which they call Arctos;

3260.

Progne and Philomela, with Tereus, into birds;

3261.

that Thysbe in Cilicia was dissolved into a fountain;

and Pyramus, at the same place, into a river.

3262.

And they assert that almost all the stars, trees, fountains, and rivers, flowers, animals, and birds,

were at one time human beings.

 

 


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