Application of Acquired Needs Theory
Most people don't think like us
Identify and work with the achievers in your team
Job- unit of work that a single employee is responsible for performing.
Job design – application of motivation theories to the job design structure of work for improving productivity and satisfaction
Job design:
· Job simplification
· Job Rotation
· Job Enrichment
· Job Enlargement
Hackman and Oldham’s model is divided into three parts.
1. Core job Characteristics
2. Critical psychological states and
3. Personal and work outcomes.
A. Core Job Characteristics
1. Task identity
2. Task significant
3. Skill variety
4. Autonomy
5. Feedback
B. Critical psychological states
1. Experienced meaningfulness
2. Responsibility
3. Knowledge of result
C. Personal and work outcome:
1. High internal motivation
2. High satisfaction
3. High work quality
4. Low absenteeism and turnover
Empowering people
• Empowering- is power to share, to delegate the power, to subordinate in organization.
• Employees receive information about company performance
• Employee have knowledge and skills to contribute the company goals
• Employees have the power to make substantive decision
• Employees are rewarded based on company performance
UNIT 10. Ethics, social responsibility
Ethics
• The discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with oral duty and obligation
• A system of moral principals
• The principals and standards that determinate acceptable conduct in business organization
• Is a form of professional ethical that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment
• The code of moral principles
• Values that governs the behaviors of a person or group with respect to what is right or wrong?
Factors affect individual's ethical stance:
Ø Peers, subordinates and supervisors
Ø Organizational culture
Most conflicts arise because of:
Ø Individual needs
Ø Organization and society
Moral agent- individual in organization who must make ethical choice
Criteria for ethical decision making:
· Utilitarian approach (19 century) by J. Bentham and J.S. Mill
Within this approach decision maker analyses all alternatives and select the best one in order to optimize the benefits.
· Individual Approach
Act considered as moral when it promotes individual’s best long term interests
· Moral rights Approach
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Human beings has rights :
The rights of free consent
The right of privacy
The right of freedom of conscience
The right of free speech
The right to due process
The right to live and safety
· Justice Approach
Moral decision must be based on standards, equity
Model of personal moral development:
Preconventional level – concentrated with external rewards and punishments.
Conventional level- people learn to conform to the expectations of good behavior.
Post conventional level- individuals obeyed universal principles
Model for evaluating corporate social performance
• Social responsibility
• Economic Responsibilities
• Legal
• Ethical Responsibilities
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