II. Make up 5 questions to the text
III.Choose the correct answer
1. If he (not be) such an outstanding actor he would not have so many admirers.
a) was not b) were not c) is not
2. If he (not leave) the door open, the cat would not have eaten the fish.
a) did not leave b) does not leave c) had not left
3. If you (give) me your address I will write you a letter.
a) gave b) had given c) give
4. I should be very glad if he (come).
a) comes b) came c) will come
5. If he does not pass the exam he (not get) a scholarship.
a) would not get b) will not get c) does not get
IV. Use the verb in brackets in the appropriate tense form
1. I wish (not to drink) so much coffee yesterday.
2. I wish I (be) at yesterday’s party.
3. They wished they (not to see) this horrible thing again.
4. I wish I (not to have) to do my homework every day.
5. I wish he (call) me.
V. Change the sentences into indirect speech.
1. The secretary said: “They have been discussing this question for 2 hours”.
2. He said; “I can’t stay here”.
3. Alec said to me: “Why do you help her?”
4. Nick said; “Look at my stamps, father”.
5. She said to Tom: “I will not forget to send you a telegram”.
Variant IV
I.Translate the text into Russian
Plant, its Parts and their Functions
Plants are highly important sources of food for man. They supply us with food clothing and many other things as well. Plants are grown and used for many purposes and as scientists continue their work new uses of plants will be found.
The principle parts of the plant are: 1) the root system, 2) the stems and leaves, 3) the reproductive part made up of flowers, fruits and seeds.
The roots grow downward into the soil and have two main functions – to absorb plant nutrients and water from the soil and to anchor the plant. As to stem and leaves, they are usually above the ground. The food used in growth by green plants is manufactured in the leaves from the raw materials taken from the soil and air. This process is known as photosynthesis. To support the leaves and to connect them with the roots are the main functions of the stem.
Each flowering plant has leaves. A typical leaf consists of a green, broad, thin portion, which contains a system of vascular tubes called veins. The latter serve as channels for the distribution of water and dissolved substances and for removing a part of the food which is manufactured in the leaves for the use by the plant.
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The shape and the position of the leaves vary to a considerable extent with the species. Leaves may be born on a leaf stem, or attached directly to the plant. They may be compound as with clover and potatoes, or simple as in the case of the poplar tree.
A flower is the part of the plant where seeds are produced. Thus, to produce seeds the plant must have flowers. A seed consists of an embryo and one or more seed coats.
All parts of the plant must be developed well and proportionally enough to function properly. If conditions for plant growth are bad, the plant will be too weak to develop its parts well.
II. Make up 5 questions to the text
III. Choose the correct answer
1. If I hadn't studied, I … the exam.
a) wouldn’t have passed b) wouldn’t pass c) will not pass
2. I wouldn't go to school by bus if I … a driving licence.
a) had b) had had c) have
3. If she … him every day, she'd be lovesick.
a) doesn’t see b) had seen c) saw
4. I … to London if I don't get a cheap flight.
a) won’t go b) wouldn’t go c) wouldn’t have gone
5. We'd be stupid if we … him about our secret.
a) tell b) told c) had told
IV. Use the verb in brackets in the appropriate tense form
1. It’s crowded here. I wish there (not to be) so many people.
2. I wish I (to be) taller.
3. I wish you (stop) shouting. I am not deaf you know.
4. I wish he (to borrow) that book from the library last week.
5. I wish you (to give) him my phone number at that party.
V. Change the sentences into indirect speech.
1. "Stop staring at me," she said.
2. Have you tidied up your room?" the mother asked the twins.
3. "Where have you been?" the mother asked her daughter.
4. He said, "I will clean the car."
5. She said, "I did not say that."
VariantV
I.Translate the text into Russian
MODERN ERA: BRITISH AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION AND GREEN REVOLUTION
After 1492, a global exchange of previously local crops and livestock breeds occurred. Key crops involved in this exchange included the tomato, maize, potato, manioc, cocoa bean and tobacco going from the New World to the Old, and several varieties of wheat, spices, coffee, and sugar cane going from the Old World to the New. The most important animal exportation from the Old World to the New were those of the horse and dog.
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The potato became an important staple crop in northern Europe. Since being introduced by Portuguese in the 16th century, maize and manioc have replaced traditional African crops as the continent's most important staple food crops.
By the early 1800s, agricultural techniques, implements, seed stocks and cultivated plants had so improved that yield per land unit was many times that seen in the Middle Ages. With the rapid rise of mechanization in the late 19th and 20th centuries, particularly in the form of the tractor. These advances have led to efficiencies enabling certain modern farms in the United States, Argentina, Israel, Germany, and a few other nations to output volumes of high-quality produce per land unit. In the past century agriculture has been characterized by productivity, the substitution of labor for synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. The cereals, rice, corn, and wheat provide 60% of human food supply. Between 1700 and 1980, "the total area of cultivated land worldwide increased 466%" and yields increased dramatically, particularly because of selectively-bred high-yielding varieties, fertilizers, pesticides, irrigation, and machinery. For example, irrigation increased corn yields in eastern Colorado by 400 to 500% from 1940 to 1997.
Intensive agriculture has become associated with decreased soil quality in India and Asia. The monocultures typically used in intensive agriculture increase the number of pests, which are controlled through pesticides. Integrated pest management (IPM), which has been promoted for decades and has had some notable success. Although the "Green Revolution" significantly increased rice yields in Asia, yield increases have not occurred in the past 15–20 years. The genetic "yield potential" has increased for wheat, but the yield potential for rice has not increased since 1966. It takes a decade or two for herbicide-resistant weeds to emerge, and insects become resistant to insecticides within about a decade. Crop rotation helps to prevent resistances. Agricultural exploration expeditions, since the late nineteenth century, have been mounted to find new species and new agricultural practices in different areas of the world. Two early examples of expeditions include Frank N. Meyer's fruit- and nut-collecting trip to China and Japan from 1916-1918 and the Dorsett-Morse Oriental Agricultural Exploration Expedition to China, Japan, and Korea from 1929-1931 to collect soybean germplasm to support the rise in soybean agriculture in the United States.
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In 2005, the agricultural output of China was the largest in the world, accounting for almost one-sixth of world share, followed by the EU, India and the USA. Six countries - the US, Canada, France, Australia, Argentina and Thailand - supply 90% of grain exports. The United States controls almost half of world grain exports. Water deficits, which are already spurring heavy grain imports in numerous middle-sized countries, including Algeria, Iran, Egypt, and Mexico, may soon do the same in larger countries, such as China or India.
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