Exercise 1. Match the words and their definitions



1. To plead a. avoiding risks and uncertainties; careful;
2. Barrister b. an official statement of what a person has decided should be done with their money and property after their death;
3. Solicitor c. to make a statement of what you believe to be true, esp. in answer to an accusation in a law court;
4. Litigation d. a lawyer in Britain, Australia, etc. Who is qualified to argue a case in higher;
5. Will e. a type of lawyer in Britain and Australia who is trained to give advice about the law;
6. Prudent f. the carrying on of a lawsuit.

Exercise 2. Match the word combinations with the Russian equivalents

1. Legal affairs a. травма;
2. Public prosecutor b. принимать доказательства;
3. To argue cases c. разрабатывать проблему;
4. To take evidence d. прокурор;
5. Personal injury e. правовые вопросы;
6. To frame the issue f. аргументировать судебный прецедент.

Exercise 3. Finish the sentence adding the information from the text

1. A lawyer is a person … .

2. In Japan a lawyer must decide whether … .

3. Solicitors do much of the … .

4. A barrister spends most of his time either in a court room or … .

5. Most towns in the United States have small firms of attorneys who … .

6. In Belarus lawyers are widely used as … .

 

Exercise 4. Match the beginning of the sentences in column A with their correct ending in column B.

A.

1. Judges are chosen from the most senior barristers;

2. In the United States attorneys specialize in certain areas of law;

3. The main functions of Belarusian advocates are;

4. Solicitors do much of the initial preparation for cases;

5. Barristers specialize in;

6. Notaries have exclusive rights.

B.

a. which involve drawing up wills or dealing with litigation.

b. dealing with such office work as marriage settlement and wills.

c. and cannot continue to practice as barristers.

d. such as criminal, divorce, probate or personal injury.

e. to consult citizens, take part in investigation and trial.

f. arguing cases in front of a judge.

Exercise 5. Answer the following questions

1. How is the word “lawyer” defined in the text?

2. What names can a lawyer have in Japan according to the examinations he takes?

3. What is the difference between barristers and solicitors in England?

4. What are the main functions of barristers and solicitors?

5. What are the main duties of attorneys in the United States?

6. What are the main duties of notaries in Belarus?

 

MY FUTURE PROFESSION

I am a student of Brest State University Law Faculty. In a several years I’ll graduate from the University and become a professional lawyer. To become a good lawyer one must know much. So at the University we are taught various general and special subject: Roman Law, Labour Law, Family Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Civil Law, Criminal Law, Law of Procedure, etc.

The profession of a lawyer is quite diversified. The graduates of our faculty can work as investigators, judges, defence counsels, legal consultants.

I think that now the profession of a lawyer is one of the most important in the law-governed state which we are creating now. Lawyers have to solve many problems that still exist in our society. The duty of lawyers is not only to punish people for various crimes: hooliganism, stealing, murder, traffic violation and so on but they must do their best to prevent crimes, to fight against evil in our society. They should help those people who committed an error to find the right road in their life. The lawyers protect the rights and legal interests of citizens, institutions and organizations. All the citizens are equal before the law. Judges are elected for a term of five years. Not only professional lawyers but the representatives of the population hear all criminal and civil cases having equal authority. The defendants are guaranteed the right to defence.

In our country justice is exercised on the principles of equality of citizens before the law and the court, regardless of social position, property or official standing, nationality or race. The court’s mission is not just to meter out punishment, but rather to educate people in the spirit of strict observance of all laws, of labour discipline, appreciation of their duty to the state and society, respect for the rights and integrity of fellow citizens and of the norms of behaviour.

Proceedings of all courts are open. All people before the court are presumed innocent, until the court, having observed all procedural guarantees, finds them guilty. Only then is the sentence pronounced. An appeal can be made against the ruling to a higher court, right up to the Supreme Court.

 


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