Ex.3. Make up a glossary of the terms used in the text
Ex 4. Fill in the missing words.
| Law is a system of rules that are enforced through ________ _______ to govern behavior. Laws can be made by a collective _______ or by a single legislator, resulting in statutes, by the executive through ______ and ______, or by judges through ______ ______, normally in common law jurisdictions. Private individuals can create legally binding_____, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process. The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a ______, written or tacit, and the rights encoded therein. The law shapes politics, economics, history and society in various ways and serves as a _______ of relations between people. Historically, religious laws played a significant role even in settling of _____ ______, which is still the case in some religious communities, particularly Jewish, and some countries, particularly Islamic. The _______ of the law is generally divided into two main areas referred to as _______ _____ and Civil law. Criminal law deals with _____ that is considered harmful to social order and in which the _______ ______ may be imprisoned or fined. Law provides a ____ ______ of scholarly inquiry into legal history, philosophy, economic analysis and sociology. Law also raises important and complex issues concerning ____, _____, and ________. | social institutions legislature decreesregulations binding precedent contracts constitution mediator secular matters adjudication Criminal law conduct guilty party rich source equality fairness justice |
Ex 5. Text questions: Look back at the text and write down some questions you would like to ask the class about the text.
- Share your questions with other classmates / groups.
- Ask your partner / group your questions.
Ex. 6. Put the questions to each paragraph.
Ex. 7. Warm Up: Do you agree or disagree? Why?
Law is not asystem of rules that are enforced through private institutions to govern behavior.
Private individuals can create legally binding contracts, including arbitration agreements that may elect to accept alternative arbitration to the normal court process.
The formation of laws themselves may be influenced by a precedent, written or tacit, and the traditionsencoded therein.
The adjudication of the law is generally divided into two main areas referred to as Administrative law and Tort law.
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Law doesn’t provide a rich source of scholarly inquiry into legal history, philosophy, economic analysis and sociology. Law also raises unimportant and easy issues concerning equality, fairness, and justice.
Ex.8.Read, translate and comment the following quote:
“Law and order exist for the purpose of establishing justice and when they fail in this purpose they become the dangerously structured dams that block the flow of social progress”.
Martin Luther King Jr. (1929-1968) American black leader.
9.Google Search: Type "Martin Luther King Jr." into Google. Look at the websites, and/or read additional articles on this topic. Discuss or write an essay about your findings.
10. Read and translate the text:
Old Russian Law
Old Russian Law or Russian Law is a legal system in KievanRus' (since the 9th century), in later Old Rus' states (knyazhestva, or princedoms in the period of feudal fragmentation), in Grand Duchy of Lithuania and in Moscow Rus'. Main source was Old Slaviccustomary law. Another sources were Old Scandinavian customary law.The main written sources were Russkaya Pravda ("Russian Justice") (since the 11th century) and Statutes of Lithuania (since the 16th century).
Early Russian state settled on the oral treaty, or "ryad" between the prince (knyaz) with his armed force (druzhina) on the one hand, and tribal "nobility" and formally all people on the other hand. The prince and his druzhina defended people, decide lawsuits, provided trade and built towns. And people paid tribute and took part in irregular military. During the ensuing centuries the ryad was playing an important role in Old Russian princedoms: the prince and his administration (druzhina) found their relationship with people ("all land", "all townsmen" in Old Russian chronicles) on the treaty. A breach of the treaty could result in exile of the prince or even in murder of the prince.
One of the result of Rus'–Byzantine Wars was conclusion of Treaties with Byzantine in the 10th century, where, apart from Byzantine legal rules, also ZakonRusskiy (Law of Rus') - rules of Old Russian oral customary law reflected.
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Yaroslav's Pravda of the beginning of the 11th century was the first written law in Rus'. This short code regulated the relationship between the princely druzhina ("rusins") and the people ("slovenins") concerning criminal law. In the period of Vladimir Monomakh's reign at the beginning of the 12th century, the Vast edition of Russkaya Pravda was given, which contained rules of criminal, procedural and civil law, including trade, family law and rules of the bond of obligation.
Later written secular law also included statutory charters, trade treaties, statutes of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, big codes of Moscow Rus' - Sudebniks and other texts.
Ex. 11. Skimming:
a.Read the first sentence of each paragraph of the text. Pair up to discuss the guessed-at topic of the text.
b.Read the first paragraph and the last paragraph of the text. Then work in pairs to discuss the guessed-at contents of the piece.
c.Read the text during ten minutes. After ten minutes, get into pairs to discuss the contents of the piece.
Ex. 12. Scanning:
a.While scanning the text find the answers for content-specific questions given by your class mate.
b.While scanning the text read the sentences containing the key vocabulary words.
Ex. 13. Vocabulary: Circle any words you do not understand. In groups, pool unknown words and use dictionaries to find their meanings.
Ex. 14. Reading:Read and translate the text.
Ex. 15. Chat:Discuss with your classmates the key ideas of the text.
Ex. 16. True / False: Guess if a-h below are true (T) or false (F).
| a. | Main source of the Russian law was Old Slaviccriminal law. | T / F |
| b. | Early Russian state settled on the oral treaty, or "ryad" between the prince (knyaz) with his armed force (druzhina) on the one hand, and tribal "nobility" and formally all people on the other hand. | T / F |
| c. | The prince and his druzhina defended people, but didn’t decide lawsuits, provided trade and built towns. | T / F |
| d. | A breach of the treaty could not result in exile of the prince or even in murder of the prince. | T / F |
| e. | Yaroslav's Pravda of the beginning of the 13 th century was the first written law in Rus'. | T / F |
| f. | In the period of Vladimir Monomakh's reign at the beginning of the 12th century, the Vast edition of Russkaya Pravda was given, which contained rules of criminal, procedural and civil law, including trade, family law and rules of the bond of obligation. | T / F |
| g. | Later oral secular law also included statutory letters, trade contracts, statutes of Grand Duchy of Lithuania, big codes of Moscow Rus' - Sudebniks and other texts. | T / F |
Ex. 17. Summary: Write down a Summary of this text.
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Ex. 18. Speech: Prepare a speech on this topic.
Ex. 19. Annotation: Make an annotation of this text.
Ex. 20. Essay writing: Write down an essay on the topic of the text.
Ex.21. Match the English proverb with its Russian equivalent. Learn them by heart. Give the example of the situation when it can be applied.
| Английская пословица | Русский эквивалент |
| 1.The more you have, the more you want. | 1.Бедностьнепорок |
| 2. Misfortunes never come alone | 2. Аппетит приходит во время еды. |
| 3. Poverty is no crime | 3. Пришла беда – отворяй ворота |
| 4. Nopains, nogains | 4. Без труда не вынешь и рыбку из пруда |
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