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Лексический практикум по теме «International ecological organisations»
Прочитайте и запишите в тетрадь следующие слова и выражения:
VOCABULARY
CFCs - фторуглероды, газы, разрушающие озоновый слой
Endangered species - вид, которому угрожает вымирание
ozone-friendly aerosols - эрозоли, не разрушающие озоновый слой
recycling – переработка использованного продукта
recycled paper - бумага, изготовленная из макулатуры
unleaded petrol lead-free petrol - бензин, не содержащий цинка
Задание №2.
WHAT GREEN REALLY MEANS?
The word "green" means different things to different people. Politicians, environmentalists and the general public will all have their own definition. But generally it is based on four principles.
CONSERVATION
being green is preserving things and saving them. Conservation means keeping the world in a state where ii is fit for us and the generations after us to live. By preserving forests we can stop animals, plants and birds from extinction, help to keep the earth's water balance stable and prevent soil erosion. By recycling we cut down our needs and save resources. Every time we reuse a plastic bag we are putting conservation into practice.
FiNDINC ALTERNATIVES
Every day we hear about the"disasters that face us on this planet. Animals and plants are dying, extinct at the rate of one species a day. Seas and rivers are being filled with rubbish. The air is being poisoned with chemicals and smoke. And these are only a few examples of the way we have lived until now - damaging our world.
But lifestyles are already beginning to change as people become aware of what is going on and nake choices to live in a way that is less damaging to the planet. Group campaigns are saving seals, rainforests, country side. Governments and world leaders claim they have the environment at the top of their lists. Many people call themselves "green" end their lifestyles "green living". "Green" is becoming a household word. It is exciting time to be green ai d every person's help is crucial.
Finding alternatives means trying to supply our needs in a way that is less damaging to the planet.
Everything that we do is interconnected. Every breath we take makes us part of the complex, living, breathing entity that is the world. Every act has a consequence. What we do today can rebound later, even if we are not around to see what happens. Caring means recognising this and doing everything we can to make sure that we are not hurting other people and the world by the way we live.
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ACTION
Putting these principles into practice means taking some kind of action. One person might stop buying a particular product, another might star! a discussion group at school or college. Another might choose one particular subject and work on a project or a campaign, such as saving a local wood or pond from developers. You can take action on your own or with a group. By taking action, you will be making it clear to people what you think and what you believe.
PERSONAL ACTION
WRITING Letters
It is quite like у that at some stage of your educalk nol career you will have to do a project. Why not do one on an environmental issue or on the environment in general? This will not only make you better informed, it will also educate you; teachers, examiners and even your family. Finding out facts for a project is a great way to make contact with people who are working for the enviroment. You can also do a project that will help to improve your environment or even solve some local problem.
We can substitute fruit for sweets, bicycles for cars, recycled paper for ordinary paper or ecologically friendly washing up liquid for the old kind. There are many other examples. You can get quite creative about finding safer substitutes.
The principle of finding alternatives operates in a wider sense as well. There are many substitution projects going on at the moment. Solar power, energy from the sun which won't run out, can be used to heat houses instead of energy from coal and oil. Food can be grown with fewer fertilisers, which means that the soil will be healthier.
CHOOSING
Choosing means being aware of the power you have as a consumer and what you can do. The way you spend your time and money is very important; it can affect the welfare of the planet. If you spend your money on goods tnat will last and that you can use again and again, you will be doing more to help the planet than if you buy things you can use only once and then throw away. If you spend your time reading labels, being active and campaigning or even just thinking twice before you buy, you will be using your own resources - your money and time - in a way that helps to put your principles into practice. The more people who put their money and time behind things that don't damage the planet, the more green message will spread.
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CARING
Caring means having respect for anything that shares our planet with us. It means looking after plants and animals as well as other human beings and trying to make sure that our lives don't damage theirs. It means looking after our health, too.
its. You can make a personal choice about the food you can eat, the products you buy and the books and newspapers you retiJ. Hers ere some examples of personal action: Ride a bike whenever you can and use public transport instead of cars. Build a pond or grow a wild flower garden, creating places where insects and birds can live. Try to avoid overpackaged goods when shopping. One layer of packaging - like a bag - should be sample. Choose paper bags over plastic ones. Refuse plastic carrier bags. Take your own shopping bag or basket instead. Try to recycle bottles and cans - this saves money, too. Buy refillable containers when you can. Buy things m large quantities if you have room to store them. Bulk buying means less packaging.
GROUP ACTION
If you think all this sounds a bit like "it's me against the world", then you are wrong. There are millions of people all over the world who are members of environmental groups. There are many more who might want to join one. There are local, national and international organisations. You may want to stait a group of your own with your friends. Whether it is a discussion group, a group to make sure that your school is litter-free or a group that raises funds for environmental causes, there is a lot you can do.
MORE THINGS TO DO
These are things that you can do either on your own or in a group.
INFORMATION
The environment is really a big issue these days, and once you start looking, you'll find information on it all around you. Check your library or bookshop for books on environment.
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You can be a loner on your own, or a jointeller with a group of friends or family. First find out whom to write your letter to. If you are writing to a manufacturer, his address should be on the product itself.
Try to back up what you are saying with facts. Keep copy of your letter. Then, if you do not get a reply, you will be able to follow it up. Remember if it animals, birds and most living things 'in this planet don't have a say, but you do. So put pen to paper and make your voice heard!
BOYCOTTING PRODUCTS
If you find oil, that you don't agree with the way a particular product is made or sold, you can boycott it - that is, just stop take it. A lot of people are already doing this. Boycotting a product gives clear sign to manufacturers that scrrlulhing is wrong. You can make your pvint even clearer by writing a letter to them.
QUIZ: HOW GREEN ARE YOU?
Here is a quiz to see how green you are and how well informed you are about the environment. Try it now and again in six month's lime, when you have taken some action. Score one point for every "yes" answer.
1. Do you read the list of ingredients on the food you buy?
2. Do you take a shower instead of bath?
3. Have you planted at least one tree?
4. Do you feed birds or squirrels in winter?
5. Do you insulate your house in winter to save heal?
6. Do you switch off lights if nobody needs them on?
7. Does your school/college/home use recycled paper?
8. If you have ever organised campaigns on environmental issues, score 5.
9. For shorl journeys, do you regularly walk, if you can?
10. For iong journeys, do you regularly use a bike or public transport?
11. If your family bas a cor, does it run on unleaded petrol?
12. If your family doesn't have a car, score 2.
13. Do you buy ozone-friendly aerosols?
14. If you don't buy aerosols at all, score 5.
15. Do you buy cruelty-free products? (those nol tested on animals)
16. If you have ever written to a manufacturer to complain aboul iheir products, score 5.
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17. Do you belong lo any environmental organisation?
18. Can you name one endangered species?
19. Do you get bottles to the bottle bank?
20. Do you collect aluminium can's for recycling?
21. Do you collect paper for recycling?
22. If you are a non-smoker, score 3.
23. Coming back from the forest or from the beach, do you always lake your litler with you?
HOW DO YOU SCORE?
Add your scores lo discover if you are: Very pale green - scores under 5 Light green - scores 6- 16 Mid-green - scores 17-27 Dark green - scores 28-38
VERY PALE GREEN or It wasn't my idea to do this quiz...
Scores under 5
There is a whole green world awaiting for you. Read on, read on.
LIGHT GREEN or Maybe I don't feel so good about my con of deodorant...
Scores between 6 and 16
If you are light green you've already begun to notice that some parts of your lifestyle aren't very environment friendly. You make sure your aerosols don't contain CFCs, but you like lo drive a car. You wouldn't think twice about ihrowing away paper, cans and bottles. You are a bit curious about all the fuss over environment problems and definitely want to find out more as long as it is no! too difficult.
You realise lhat it is a good move to be green and you should definitely read on and go greener.
If you are mid-green you are renlly thinking about the way the planet operates and you know that everything you do - good or bad - will rebound on us sooner or later. You have made some changes to your lifestyle already. You always try to buy crueity-free cosmetics and you never buy aerosols. You probably insisted that your family car run on lead free petrol and you want them to buy environmentally friendly washing-up liquid. You are aware of the most common environmental problems and you feel strongly about some endangered species. Sometimes you eat fast lood but wonder what's in it. You often watch environment programmes on television. You may be thinking aboul joining an environmental group.
Now is ihe time lo lake the leap and become an active green, join a group and make an impact!
DARK GREEN or I put the planet first.
Scores between 28 and 38
If you ore dark green you take environmental issues very seriously and try to live in a way that qpss not damage the environment. You like to plant Irees and lake care of birds. You don't pick wild flowers and never kill wild anirnais. You use recycled paper bul are con-stantly frustrated with ihe lack of recycling facilities in your area. You might be a member of an environmental organisation and you have already taken part in some actions. Your friends think you are a bit obsessive bul you have noticed that recently they have been coming around to your way of thinking.
At times you feel completely enraged and overwhelmed by Ihe enormity of it all. Take a break and have some fun. Be cheered by ihe facl, that people are becoming mote aware and there will be changes. What you do does count!
Rub your eyes and look around,
Litter lying on the ground,
Bottles, cans and polythene –
Take the tip and change to green!
Forests going up in smoke,
Cilies fit to make you choke,
Nowhere left to be that's clean –
Take a breath and change to green!
Animals and plan's have died,
People starve to feed our pride,
For the life that might have been
Take a stand and change to green!
There's so much that isn't right,
It could get you well uplighf,
So make a start and change the scene –
The iights are flashing - change to green!
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Практическая работа № 13
Тема:Forest products.
Цель: - распознавать лексические единицы по теме при работе с текстом;
- составлять монологическое сообщение по данной теме
Литература: практикум, англо-русские словари.
Время выполнения: 2 часа.
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