The Titanic (fired – sank – sailed – swam) under the waves of the Atlantic.
Third Prep Second Term [unit 15] Mr Hamdy Ahmed -22-
Unit 15: I must have lost it
Vocabulary
| Meaning | Word | Meaning | Word |
| مؤرخ | historian | رحلة عمل | business trip |
| مقبرة | tomb | بالتأكيد | definitely |
| نفس | same | فلفل | pepper |
| عربة | vehicle | فى الواقع/حقا | actually |
| قبائل من شمال أوربا | the Vikings | مسرور | glad |
| هرم سقارة | Saqqara Pyramid | ممكن | possible |
| التبغ | tobacco | رفيق – زميل – شريك | partner |
| قرن | century | بالضبط | exactly |
| عجلة | wheel | جامع | collector |
| محيط | ocean | بركة/حمام | pool |
| لحم بقرى | beef | بحيرة | lake |
| قمة جبلية | ice berg | المصريون القدماء | Ancient Egyptians |
| لا تغرق | unsinkable | صوف | wool |
| مسافر/راكب | passenger | بحار | sailor |
| مساحة فارغة/فضاء | space | مركب إنقاذ | life boat |
| رسالة لاسلكية | radio message | طاقم سفينة أو طائرة | crew |
| بندقية | gun | أمواج | waves |
| فى مهمة عمل | on business | تيتانك | Titanic |
Verbs
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| Past participle | Past | Meaning | Present |
| sailed | sailed | يبحر | sail |
| described | described | يصف | describe |
| joined | joined | يربط | join |
| arrived | arrived | يصل | arrive |
| reclaimed | reclaimed | يستصلح | reclaim |
| discovered | discovered | يكتشف | discover |
| forgotten | forgot | ينسى | forget |
| rung | rang | يرن | ring |
| worried about | worried about | يقلق بشأن | worry about |
| climbed up/down | climbed up/down | يصعد لأعلى/يهبط لأسفل | climb up/down |
| covered | covered | يغطى | cover |
| lost | lost | يخسر | lose |
| fired | fired | يطلق النار | fire |
| calmed | calmed | يهدئ | calm |
| died | died | يموت | die |
| crashed | crashed | يصطدم | crash |
| set off | set off | يبدأ رحلة | set off |
| disappeared | disappeared | يختفى | disappear |
Language Notes
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Late – lately-later)
• متأخر late
• She was sorry because she came late.
• مؤخرا – حديثا lately
• He has bought a new car lately.
• فيما بعد later
• He went to the market. Later, he visited his uncle.
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Remember – remind)
• يتذكر (من ذات نفسه) remember
• Ahmed remembered to send the letter.
• يذكر remind
• The secretary reminded me of the conference.
Trip – journey – voyage – flight)
رحلة جوية fight- رحلة بحرية voyage- رحلة برية طويلة journey- رحلة برية قصيرة trip
On
فى يوم ... on Saturday – on Monday / فى مهمة عمل on business/فى وقت العمل on duty
فى أجازة on holiday/ فى الوقت المحدد on time
Grammar
الاستنتاج 1- Deduction
| Deductions in the past | Deductions in the present |
| must have + pp | تأكد مثبت must + infinitive |
| can’t have + pp | تأكد منفى can’t + infinitive |
| may have + pp | احتمالية may + infinitive |
| might have + pp | احتمالية ضعيفة might + infinitive |
1- يمكن استخدام could have + pp للتعبير عن أشياء كان من الممكن حدوثها فى الماضى ولكنها لم تحدث.
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• It was possible for him to travel abroad but he didn’t.
• He could have traveled abroad.
2- تستخدم couldn’t have +pp لبيان استحالة حدوث الشيء فى الماضى.
• It is impossible that he moved that big stone.
• He couldn’t have moved that big stone.
2- تستخدم (should) shouldn’t have + pp للتعبير عن نصيحة فى الماضى
• You should have studied hard for the exam.
• You shouldn’t have done that silly thing.
3- تستخدم must أيضا للتعبير عن الضرورة ونفيها don’t have to و doesn’t have to وماضيها had to
والضرورة فى المستقبل will have to.
4- تستخدم needn’t و don’t have to و doesn’t have to للتعبير عن عدم الضرورة.
الروابط Conjunctions
أولا: روابط الغرض
إذا كانت الجملة الثانية غرضا للأولى.
لكى to / in order to / so as to
• يأتي فى وسط الجملة (أو أولها) • يليه مصدر الفعل • تنفى بوضع not قبل to
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• He would like to join the sports club so as to get fit.
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لكى so that / in order that/in the hope that
• فى وسط الجملة •بعدها ضمير يعود على فاعل الجملة الثانية
• ونستخدم can / mayفى زمن المضارع اوالمستقبل أو الأمر و could / might فى زمن الماضى.
• He would like to join the sports club so that he can get fit.
ملحوظة:
• تحذف wanted to / wish to / hope to عند استخدام الروابط السابقة ونستخدمها مع روابط السبب.
• He would like to join the sports club because he wanted to get fit.
• He would like to join the sports club to (in order that he can) get fit.
بينما As – While
• تستخدم للتعبير عن حدث كان مستمرا فى الماضى وقطعه حدث آخر.
As (while) + past continuous + past simple
• As (While) Hala was studying, her friend phoned.
• تستخدم للتعبير عن حدث كان مستمرا فى الماضى وفى نفس الوقت كان هناك حدثا آخر مستمرا معه.
As (While) + past continuous + past continuous
• As (While) dad was reading, mum was cooking.
• يأتيان فى أول الجملة أو وسطها.
أثناء During
• تستخدم بدلا من while – as ولكن يأتي بعدها اسم
• He fell asleep during the film.
• During his stay in London, he met some old friends.
1) Choose the correct answer:
It was your fault. You (shouldn’t – must – should – might) have behaved that way.
You (don’t have – needn’t – mustn’t - can’t) to tell me. I’ve already known everything.
Thank God, no one was injured (when – at – while – during) the fire.
The crew sailed the (plane – train – rocket – ship) safely to the port.
He lost his way in the desert. He (can’t have forgotten – should have forgotten – must have forgotten – didn’t forget).
We’ll go out as soon as it stops (sailing – raining – feeling – meeting).
He took his umbrella (as – so that – while – during) he wouldn’t get wet in the rain.
The Titanic (fired – sank – sailed – swam) under the waves of the Atlantic.
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