The following verbs can be used to describe upward and downward movements in price, quantity and amount.
Text 12. The company structure The Company Organization
Company is an association of persons officially formed for the purpose of some business. Most companies are made up of three groups of people: the shareholders (who provide the capital), the management and the workforce. It is often headed by the board of directors. The board headed by the chairman usually consists of individuals elected by the shareholders to manage the business. The directors are active in the day-to-day operation as well as company policy and broad general direction. The management structure of a typical company is shown in this organization chart.
| Board of Directors | |||||||
| Managing Directors | |||||||
| Finance Director | Marketing Manager | Production Manager | Personnel Manager | Purchasing Manager | Planning Manager | ||
| Accounts Manager | Sales Manager | Public Relations Manager | Advertising Manager | Training Manager | |||
Pay attention to the fact that American job titles differ from British ones. These are rough equivalents:
| British | American |
| Chairman | President |
| Managing Director | Chief Executive Officer |
| Director | Vice President |
| Accountant | Financial Controller |
| Manager | Director |
Companies belong to various areas of business, such as: engineering, microelectronics, chemicals, vehicle manufacturing, aerospace, shipping, transport, retailing, catering, insurance, banking, etc.
EXERCISES:
Exercise 1. Answer the following questions:
1. How is the company defined?
2. What body is usually at the head of the company?
3. Who elects it?
4. Is the Board of Directors responsible only for day-to-day operation of the company?
5. How many directors and managers compose the Board of Directors according to the diagram?
6. To whom does the Advertising Manager report?
Exercise 2. Match the English words and word combinations with their Russian equivalents.
| 1. chairman 2. managing director 3. marketing manager 4. production manager 5. works manager 6. purchasing manager 7. sales manager 8. chief accountant 9. advertising manager 10. training manager 11. board of directors 12. board 13. chairman 14. shareholder 15. to purchase 16. engineering 17. vehicle 18. space 19. shipping 20. catering 21. insurance | A. правление компании B. председатель C. менеджер по рекламе D. менеджер по маркетингу E. начальник производства F. менеджер по работам G. менеджер по закупкам H. менеджер по продажам I. главный бухгалтер J. менеджер по подготовке кадров K. управляющий по административно-хозяйственной работе L. страхование M. машиностроение, техника N. покупать O. акционер P. космос Q. председатель S. средство перевозки (автомобиль, вагон и т.п.) T. правление, совет U. грузовые перевозки V. сфера общественного питания |
Exercise 3. Match the words with their corresponding definitions.
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| 1. an innovation 2. a patent 3. diversification 4. a range 5. headquarters 6. a location 7. a strategy 8. a policy (line 36) | a. a planned series of actions b. main offices c. a place or address d. the introduction of a new idea e. a selection or series f. making different types of products g. an agreed course of action h. the right to make or sell an invention |
Exercise 4. A. Match the prepositions with the verbs below.
From, in (x3) to (x4) for, of, on (x2)
| apply … somebody … something | Refer …. |
| Benefit …. | Succeed …. |
| Approve … | Belong ….. |
| Result …. | depend ….. |
| Believe …. | report … somebody… something |
B. Complete the sentences using verbs and prepositions from exercise 1 in the correct form.
1. In the purchasing department there is a manager, and five employees who ……her.
2. In this company, we firmly …… the value of creativity and Innovation.
3. The development of computer technology has …… enormous changes in the way that people work.
4. Whether or not we succeed in creating and selling new products , …… a number of factors.
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5. Most of our staff ……. at least one of the company's sports or leisure clubs.
6. The Personal Manager thinks that we would all …… further training in how to use the office software.
Exercise 5.
The following verbs can be used to describe upward and downward movements in price, quantity and amount.
| Intransitive verbs | Transitive verbs | ||||||
| (verbs which do not have an object) | (verbs which have an object)
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