Задание 3. Ответьте письменно на вопросы к тексту:
Занятие 5.
Тема занятия : Столица нашей страны и стран изучаемого языка . Город , деревня , инфраструктура . Введение НЛМ . Досуг . Твое любимое занятие . Повторение грамматического материала.
Задание 1. Прочитайте слова и выражения . Запишите в тетрадь .
| to attract tourists to be first mentioned in boundary cobblestones chronicles domes embalmed body exhibition centre marble masterpiece per sample of populous to remain оставаться residents true heir of Christianity | привлекать туристов быть впервые упомянутым в граница булыжники летописи купола забальзамированное тело выставочный центр мрамор шедевр по образцу густонаселённый оставаться жители истинная наследница христианства |
Задание 2. Прочитайте текст, переведите текст устно:
Moscow is the capital of Russia
Moscow, the capital of Russia, stands on the Moskva River in the central part of Western Russia.Most historians agree that Moscow was named after the river. It is the most populous city of Russia with 12.5 million residents within the city proper. Moscow occupies more than 1,000 square kilometers. The boundary of the city corresponds to the Moscow Ring Road, which is situated at 15-17 kilometers from the city center.
Moscow was founded by Prince Yuri Dolgoruky and was first mentioned in the chronicles in 1147. At that time it was a small frontier settlement. Gradually the city became more and more powerful. In 1453, after Constantinople was taken by the Turks, Moscow was declared the Third Rome and true heir of Christianity. In the 16th century under Ivan the Terrible, Moscow became the capital of state of Muscovy. Though Peter the Great moved the capital to St. Petersburg in 1712, Moscow remained the heart of Russia. After the October revolution Moscow became the capital again.
Nowadays, Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It attracts tourists from all over the world. Red Square is the most popular place of interest in Moscow, where can step upon the ancient cobblestones. Saint Basil’s Cathedral in Red Square is a masterpiece of Russian architecture. It was built in the middle of the 16th century by the order of Ivan the Terrible. After the Cathedral was built it was white and the onion domes weren’t patterned and multi-colored as nowadays. Saint Basil’s Cathedral is included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. In front of St. Basil’s Cathedral there is a monument to Minin and Pozharsky who were heroes in the war against Poland in 1612. This monument was the first one built in Moscow. Lenin’s Mausoleum can also be seen in Red Square, anyone can visit it to look at the embalmed body of Vladimir Lenin.
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The heart of the city, the Kremlin, is the city inside the city. In the Kremlin there are five palaces and four cathedrals. All Russian tsars were buried in the Cathedral of the Archangel until 1712 and among them Ivan the Terrible. On the territory of the Kremlin there are the Tsar-cannon and the Tsar-bell which have never been actually used. Along the walls of the Kremlin there are twenty towers. The Spasskaya Tower with a big clock is one of the outstanding symbols of the Russian Federation. The tower is also famous for its big melodious chimes that strike the time every hour and can be heard from afar. The Kremlin is the seat of the President of the country.
There are more than 100 museums in Moscow. The largest museums are the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts and the State Tretyakov Gallery. Moscow is famous for its theatres. The Bolshoi Theatre is one of the most renowned theatres in the world. The performances of ballet and opera are held there.
Moscow is the largest transport centre. Moscow has three large airports, three river ports, nine railway terminals. The Moscow Metro is not only a convenient way to move around the city, but one of its main sights. Its stations are decorated with marble, mosaics and sculptures.
Moscow is a city of students. There are over 100 higher educational institutions in it. The biggest and the oldest of them is the Lomonosov State University, which was founded in 1755.
Now Moscow is being reconstructed. Moscow City is a business district designed to comply with international standards. There are office buildings, shopping malls, leisure centres, an exhibition centre, restaurants, apartments and even Matrimonial Centre in it.
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Moscow is governed by a mayor, who is popularly elected for a four-year term, and by the Moscow City Duma, which is the city's legislature.
The official symbol of Moscow is a dark-red shield, where St. George
fighting down the Serpent is depicted. This symbol was restored in 1993 per
sample of the first official symbol of Moscow, which was established in 1781.
Пояснения к тексту:
Mausoleum – Мавзолей.
the Moscow Ring Road – МКАД.
the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts – Музей изобразительных искусств имени А.С. Пушкина.
Saint Basil’s Cathedral – собор Василия Блаженного.
UNESCO World Heritage Sites – Всемирное наследие ЮНЕСКО.
Задание 3. Ответьте письменно на вопросы к тексту:
1. When was Moscow founded?
2. Why was Moscow declared the Third Rome?
3. When did Moscow become the capital?
4. What is the population of Moscow?
5. What places of interest in the centre of Moscow do you know?
6. What can you see on the territory of the Kremlin?
7. What theatres and museums in Moscow do you know?
8. What is the most famous Moscow Business Center?
9. Whom is the local authority headed by?
10. Was the official symbol of Moscow established in 1781 or in 1993?
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