Shifting the parts of the phrase to achieve optimal order: 1
Word order in academic texts
Putting the key words first
Rewrite the sentences so that they begin with a subject. There are several possible ways to do this as highlighted in the example. Just choose one way. There is no key to this exercise as there are many possible solutions.
Example: Concerning the role of education, it is given great emphasis in their society.
= The role of education is given great emphasis in their society.
= Their society gives great emphasis to the role of education.
= Great emphasis is given to the role of education in their society.
1. As far as religion is concerned, it plays a fundamental role.
2. With regard to politics, the vast majority of politicians are men.
3. In relation to performance, this increased in direct relation to the number of training sessions.
4. Concerning the side effects of the treatment, only one serious effect is currently known about.
5. Regarding the best way to learn a language, several theories have recently been developed.
2. avoiding beginning the sentence with it is : 1
Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first.
1. It is possible to use several strategies to achieve these goals.
Several strategies …
2. It is possible with this model to give the actual fl ow rate.
This model gives …
3. It is certain / sure that the new laws will bene fi t nuclear research.
The new laws will
4. It is mandatory to use X.
X is …
5. It is possible to demonstrate [Kim, 2014] that …
Kim [2014] …
6. It is anticipated there will be a rise in stock prices.
A rise in stock prices …
7. It is regretted that no funds will be available for the next academic year.
Unfortunately, …
Choosing the best word order to help the reader: 1
Choose the sentence (a, b or c) that best enables the reader to quickly assimilate the information contained in the sentence.
Examples
(a) This makes it possible to read with sufficient precision the sensor.
(b) This makes it possible to read the sensor with sufficient precision. yes.
(a) Our aim was to assess the contribution both in the past and the present of anthropogenic activities to global environmental pollution.
(b) Our aim was to assess the contribution of anthropogenic activities to global environmental pollution both in the past and the present. yes.
Key: In both cases a) is incorrect because it interrupts the normal word order of English: subject + verb + object
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(1a) Do you have any openings in your laboratory for PhD students?
(1b) Do you have any openings for PhD students in your laboratory?
(1c) For PhD students do you have any openings in your laboratory?
(2a) We are planning at my department a series of workshops on XYZ in November this year.
(2b) At my department we are planning in November this year a series of workshops on XYZ.
(2c) At my department we are planning a series of workshops on XYZ in November this year.
(3a) I would like to request a delay in submission of manuscript #: 08SFL-00975 until 21 October.
(3b) Until 21 October I would like to request a delay in submission of manuscript #: 08SFL-00975.
(3c) I would like to request a delay until 21 October in submission of manuscript #: 08SFL-00975.
(4a) Please find attached a copy of the paper for your convenience.
(4b) For your convenience, please find attached a copy of the paper.
(4c) Please, for your convenience find attached a copy of the paper.
(5a) I inadvertently submitted my manuscript #08CV-0069 for the SAE Magnets Congress, as an “Oral only Presentation” instead of a “Written and Oral Presentation”.
(5b) I inadvertently submitted for the SAE Magnets Congress my manuscript #08CV-0069, as an “Oral only Presentation” instead of a “Written and Oral Presentation”.
(5c) I inadvertently submitted as an “Oral only Presentation” instead of a “Written and Oral Presentation” my manuscript #08CV-0069 for the SAE Magnets Congress.
(6a) Please could you let me know how I can change the status of my paper.
(6b) Please you could let me know how I can change the status of my paper.
(6c) Please could you let me know how can I change the status of my paper.
(7a) Given that our deadline is the first week of next month, I would be grateful to receive your revisions by the end of this month.
(7b) By the end of this month, given that our deadline is the first week of next month, I would be grateful to receive your revisions.
(7c) Given that our deadline is the first week of next month, I would be grateful to receive by the end of this month your revisions.
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(8a) I have raised this problem twice before in fact as you can see from the attached emails below.
(8b) From the attached emails below, as you can see I have in fact raised this problem twice before.
(8c) As you can see from the attached emails below, I have in fact raised this problem twice before.
(9a) To speed the process up very much anything you could do would be appreciated.
(9b) Anything could you do to speed the process up would be appreciated very much.
(9c) Anything you could do to speed the process up would be very much appreciated.
(10a) I resubmitted my manuscript (ID 09–00236.R1), revised according to the Editor’s and Referees’ comments, on April 3 of this year.
(10b) Revised according to the Editor’s and Referees’ comments, on April 3 of this year I resubmitted my manuscript (ID 09–00236.R1).
shifting the parts of the phrase to achieve optimal order: 1
In each sentence below the cause is given first and then the effect. In which cases would it make more sense to mention the effect first rather than the cause?
1. Since it is the international language of research I study English.
2. On account of the fact that I am 2 m tall I have problems with air travel.
3. Due to our diet we don’t have many overweight people in our region.
4. Owing to the fact that there was fog the plane was delayed by two hours.
5. As a consequence of the fact that my presentation was the last one of the day I decided to make it less formal and more fun.
6. A result of the rise in taxes is that spending has dropped dramatically.
Typical mistakes
Correct any mistakes in the following sentences. The mistakes are all related to word order.
1. This leaves intact for at least six weeks the sample.
2. Many are the substances that are harmful to human beings.
3. This book shares with the previous one several aspects.
4. For several years with this system we have had problems.
5. The female chimpanzees immediately after giving birth are generally quite weak.
6. After the written examinations each student has between May and June an oral exam.
7. The presence in written English of long sentences can cause problems for the reader.
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8. In English is not commonly found a sentence construction that does not reflect the following order: subject verb object.
9. In the USA farmers have inadvertently introduced into the environment several dangerous species of insects.
10. One way to avoid such behavior in adults is treatment before the age of 16 with a high dose of insulin.
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