F. Look at the highlighted words from the text. What part of speech are they? Match them with corresponding antonyms:
1. fluent a. worthless
2. native b. inarticulate
3. valuable c. sensible
4. verbal d. foreign
5. silly e. written
6. authentic f. sad
7. hilarious g. figurative
8. literal h. fake
9. mental i. simple
10. complicated j. physical
G. Complete the following sentences using words from exercise F. Change the form of the words where necessary.
1) He speaks Spanish ______ but with a thick British accent.
2) She spoke not only her ______ language, Swedish, but also French.
3) It wouldn’t be _____ to hope for an immediate box-office success of the film.
4) Every detail of the ‘Schindler’s List’ was totally ______ .
5) For some reason people find Benny Hill’s jokes ______ .
6) The biopic about Steve Hawking promotes positive image of ____ handicap.
7) People go to the movies to get distracted, they don’t want any _______ staff.
8) Kolya, a film from the Czech Republic is at once extremely funny and ____ .
9) The lighting technician’s job gives opportunity to gain ______ experience.
10) There’s an Italian dessert called tiramisu, which ____ means ‘pull me up’.
H. Textspeak is used in text messages, chat room messages and emails. Pronouns, prepositions and articles are omitted and abbreviations are widely used. Do you text? Read the messages and then create a message for your friend.
«Hope 2C U @ party L8R Jo XXX»
«Had a GR8 time tnx 4UR present CU 2mrw»
«In da Bginning God cre8d de heavens & da earth»
«TXT U L8R» a poem by Aislinn O’Loughlin:
“D gr8 ting bout txt msg cnvrs8ns
s dat u cn uz dese abrvi8ns.
U stp splln wrds d awy dat u auta
& drp sum vwls 2, f dat mks d wrd shrta.
Bt wot f ur so bz b/ng dat clvr
u 4gt hw 2 spll nrml wrds al2gdr?
Coz wit all d ltrs & stf dat wre luzn
dnt u tink rdng dis pom wz cnfuzn?”
I. Old English is the inflected language of the Anglo-Saxons (up to about 1150) with a Germanic vocabulary. Read the Lord’s Prayer in Old English. Compare it with the New English translation and with texts in exercise H. Give your opinion on language progress.
“Fæder ūre, “Father of ours,
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ū þe eart on heofonum, Thou that art in Heaven,
Sī þīn nama gehālgod. Let thine name be hallowed.
Tōbecume þīn rīce. Let come thine kingdom.
Gewurðe ðīn willa on eorðan Let be worth thine will on earth
swā swā on heofonum, so so in Heaven.
Urne gedæghwāmlīcan hlāf Our daily-wanted loaf
syle ūs tō dæg. give us today.
And forgyf ūs ūre gyltas, And forgive us our guilts
swā swā wē forgyfað so so we forgiveth
Ūrum gyltendum. Our guilt-doers.
And ne gelǣd þū ūs on costnunge, And do not lead thou us into temptation.
Ac ālys ūs of yfele. But allay us of evil.
Sōþlīce.” In sooth.”
J. Here is an example of a wedding speech. Fill the gaps with words in brackets, change their form if need be. Are you good at giving speeches? Prepare a similar speech for your friend’s birthday.
Ladies and gentleman! I hope you will excuse me for butting into your conversation. Nobody likes being _____ (1) like that, but I’ve been asked to say a few words, make a speech if you like on this extra-special occasion. Ever since your parents first ______ (2) to me that something of this kind might be on the cards, I have been _____ (3) with myself as how I could best _____ (4) my feelings to you this evening. And when you ______ (5) the wedding date I began to consult friends who have been in this position, discussing the subject with them at length and in detail. (announce, debate, interrupt, hint, express)
I must ______ (6) today that problems with ______ (7) my message have not been solved. If I were an actor, I could ______ (8) a sonnet of Shakespeare’s. Were I a priest, I might ______ (9) to you. Were I a politician, I could read out a prepared statement and then go on repeating ‘No ______ (10)’. (phrase, confess, preach, comment, recite)
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If you were a class of students, I might ______ (11) you for 40 minutes. Were you secretaries, I could _______ (12) what I have to say. If we were close friends, we could go on ______ (13) and ______ (14) for hours. But you and I are none of these things, so I shall put my _____ (15) across in simple words. (chatter, lecture, gossip, dictate, message)
I simply _______ (16) that this is one of the happiest days of my life and I ______ (17) with my hand on my heart that I never thought I could be as happy as I am today. Of course I could also ______ (18) to what great men have said on this theme and just ______ (19) a few famous lines. But I ______ (20) many of our guests want me to leave it at that. (quote, refer, declare, claim, suspect)
I might also ______ (21) my own marital experience, ______ (22) a few anecdotes, ______ (23) a few stories about newly-weds. But I see many guests fear that I’ll never ‘_____’ (24) and hope that I will _____ (25) what I have to say. (recount, dry up, tell, mention, blurt out)
Then again, while I stand here thinking aloud, I’m ______ (26) with myself, ______ (27) myself perhaps, you will no doubt be thinking: ‘Why’s the old man ______ (28) on like this without _____ (29) to the point?’ ‘____ (30) it out!’ I hear you cry. (argue, stick, contradict, ramble, spit)
Well, time goes on and I see that you have no need of _____ (31) or ______ (32) from me, no ______ (33) of my own life is required, no detailed ______ (34) or many ______ (35) . I shall not bother to sum up what I have said. All I would like to add on this extra-special occasion is: I hope you’ll both be very happy ever after. (explanation, illustration, account, description, recommendation)
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