II. Read the text again and choose the best answer.
1. Mallory and Irvine
a. were the first men to climb Everest.
b. died before they reached the top of Everest.
c. disappeared when they were near the top of Everest.
2. The ice axe was almost definitely Irvine’s because
a. it was found near his body.
b. his brother identified it.
c. it had the same mark as on another of his possessions.
3. A Chinese climber found the body of an Englishman
a. who had died in 1979.
b. four years before he himself was killed.
c. in a cemetery of frozen bodies.
4. The group knew the body was Mallory’s because
a. they found his diary in his jacket.
b. his hand was holding a stick with his name on it.
c. they found a label with his name on it.
The Past Perfect Continuous Tense
(Прошедшее завершенно-длительное время)
Past Perfect Continuous указывает на действие, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и либо закончилось непосредственно перед неким моментом в прошлом или все еще не закончилось к некоему моменту в прошлом.
I had been typing this text for 2 hours and then found it on the Internet.
Я набирал этот текст два часа, а потом нашел его в Интернете.
I had been waiting for his airplane for 2 hours when it was announced about delay.
Я ждал его самолет уже два часа, когда объявили об его задержке.
Образование Past Perfect Continuous
Утвердительные предложения:
| I had been playing | We had been playing |
| You had been playing | You had been playing |
| He / she / it had been playing | They had been playing |
Для того, чтобы поставить глагол в форму времени Past Perfect Continuous, требуется вспомогательный глагол to be во времени Past Perfect и причастие настоящего времени (форма V-ing) смыслового глагола.
To be во времени Past Perfect имеет единственную форму had been.
Причастие настоящего времени (Participle I) можно получить, прибавив к начальной форме значимого глагола окончание - ing: jump – jumping, live – living
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Вопросительные предложения:
| Had I been playing? | Had we been playing? |
| Had you been playing? | Had you been playing? |
| Had he / she / been playing? | Had they been playing? |
В вопросительном предложении вспомогательный глагол had выносится на место перед подлежащим, а остальная часть сказуемого располагается после него:
I saw many puddles. Had it been raining?
Я видел много луж. Шел дождь?
Отрицательные предложения:
| I had not been playing | We had not been playing |
| You had not been playing | You had not been playing |
| He / she / it had not been playing | They had not been playing |
В отрицательных предложениях за вспомогательным глаголом had следует отрицательная частица not:
Of course he did not want to sleep! He had not been working like a horse all the week.
Разумеется, ему не хотелось спать! Он-то не работал как вол всю неделю.
Случаи употребления Past Perfect Continuous:
- Действие, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и закончилось непосредственно перед определенным моментом в прошлом:
We had been working hard and managed to finish the project in time.
Мы упорно работали и смогли завершить проект вовремя.
- Действие, которое началось в прошлом, продолжалось в течение некоторого времени и все еще продолжалось в определенный момент в прошлом:
Her voice started to tremble. I did not realize what a hard time she had been having.
Ее голос задрожал. Я и не представлял, как тяжело ей приходилось.
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