Сравните два вида лекарственных препаратов. Занесите информацию в таблицу (письменно).
| PREVENTERS | RELIEVERS | |
| Mechanism of action | ||
| Therapeutic effect (instant/gradual) | ||
| How to use | ||
| Medicinal form | ||
| Side effects |
Объясните родителям ребенка:
А) какое лекарство принять в случае приступа астмы, расскажите о механизме его действия и возможных побочных эффектах;
Б) какое лекарство принимать для профилактики приступов астмы, расскажите о механизме его действия и возможных побочных эффектах.
UNIT 7.
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
TUBERCULOSIS
In older infants and children, the first infection with the Mycobacterium tuberculosis - latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) usually produces no signs or symptoms, and a chest X-ray shows no signs of infection.
This primary infection usually resolves on its own when a child develops immunity over a 6- to 10-week period. But in some cases, tuberculosis (TB) can progress and spread all over the lungs (called progressive tuberculosis) or to other organs. This causes signs and symptoms like fever, sweating at night, weight loss, fatigue, loss of appetite, and coughing sputum with blood.
Another type of infection is called reactivation tuberculosis. The primary infection has resolved, but the bacteria are dormant (latent). In this type the bacteria may become active in case of a lowered immunity
The Mantoux tuberculin skin test is the standard method of determining whether a child is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The purified protein derivative is an antigen (taken from the dead TB bacteria) which is injected under the skin in the forearm. After 48 to 72 hours the injection site is evaluated by a physician.
Current vaccines, such as the BCG vaccine, do not prevent infection, but do prevent acute symptoms and disease from emerging. It is of no use in protecting infected adults who become an infectious source of disease.
Заполните таблицу информацией из текста.
| Pulmonary Tuberculosis | |
| Organs affected | |
| Symptoms | |
| Types of infection | |
| Sources of infection | |
| Causative agent | |
| Diagnostic tests and procedures | |
| Current vaccine | |
| Mechanism of action | |
2. Передайте основное содержание текста, опираясь на таблицу.
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Задайте не менее 7 вопросов врачу от имени родителя, интересующегося проблемой туберкулеза.
Объясните родителям ребенка разницу между БЦЖ и пробой Манту.
SECTION 4. ENT (EAR, NOSE, THROAT ) DISEASES IN CHILDREN
UNIT 8.
PART I
Проанализируйте рисунок и заполните пропуски в тексте. Переведите текст (письменно).
ALL ABOUT EARS
The ear is composed of (1)__________different sections: (2)____________, (3)_______________, (4)_________________. The outer ear, the part that is visible on the side of your head. The middle ear is an air-filled cavity that turns sound waves into vibrations and delivers them to the inner ear. The middle ear is separated from the outer ear by (5)____________, a thin piece of tissue stretched across (6) ___________. The middle ear also includes the three smallest bones in the body: (7)___________ (Latin for "hammer"), (8)____________("anvil"), (9)________________("stirrup"). The inner ear consists of two tiny organs (10)___________ and (11)_____________. The cochlea acts as a sort of microphone. The semicircular canals help you balance.
PART II
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.
A COMMON EAR PROBLEM IN CHILDREN: OM (OTITIS MEDIA)
OM is an infection of the middle ear. It can affect one or both ears. Bacteria or viruses can enter the middle ear through the Eustachian tube— this often occurs when a child has had a cold or other respiratory infection. When the middle ear becomes infected, it may fill with fluid or pus.
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Pressure from this buildup pushes on the eardrum and causes pain, and because the eardrum cannot vibrate, the child may experience a temporary decrease in hearing. Symptoms of otitis media are pulling or rubbing the ears because of ear pain, fever, fluid leaking from the ear, changes in appetite or sleeping patterns, trouble hearing.
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