Exercise 7. Match the SI unit in column A to its abbreviation in column B and the quantity it measures in column C.
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Unit 3
Engineering Units
Before we start:
In pairs, discuss the following questions:
1. What units of measurement do you commonly use in your everyday life?
2. What units do you use in your field of engineering?
3. Who are they named after?
Word Study
Words and Terms to be remembered
Acceleration
Capacitance
Charge
Circuit
Current
Dimension
Degree
Frequency
Quantity
Quality
Gravity
Measurement
Unit
Resistance
Substance
Oscillation
To be named after
To equal smth.
To be equal to smth.
Intensity
Exercise 1. The above- mentioned words all appear in the text you are going to read:
a) Work with the dictionary and find the transcription and the meaning of the words
b) Practice pronouncing the words
c) Make up the word-combinations of your own using these words
Exercise 2. Read the words correctly and guess their meaning. Consult the dictionary.
Physicist, industry, system, international, metric, standard, symbol, electricity, effect, metre, mass, temperature.
Exercise 3. Write out all proper names from the text A, Mind their correct pronunciation.
Exercise 4. Fill in the box with all derivatives. Consult the dictionary.
| Noun | verb | adjective | adverb |
| invent | |||
| definition | |||
| useful |
Exercise 5. Match the words from the left and right columns.
| 1. Gravity | a) качество |
| 2. quantity | b) градус |
| 3. quality | c) сопротивление |
| 4. degree | d) заряд |
| 5. charge | e) частота |
| 6. measurement | f) измерение |
| 7. resistance | g) длина |
| 8. capacitance | h) количество |
| 9. power | k) ускорение |
| 10. acceleration | l) мощность |
| 11. frequency | m) притяжение |
| 12. length | n) емкость |
Text Study
Exercise 6 . Read the text A and find the answers to the following questions:
1. Who worked in the field of electromagnetic waves?
2. Who worked in Cambridge University?
3. Who invented the first telephone?
4. Who first experimentally demonstrated electromagnetic theory of light?
5. Who invented steam engine?
6. Who of the scientist had original name William Thomson?
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7. Who is the unit curie named after?
8. What unit is used in describing the effects of gravity?
9. Who formulated the laws of motion and universal gravitation?
Text A
Engineering Units
Throughout the engineering industries, many different definitions and units have been proposed and used. The problems this caused led to the development of an agreed international system of units (or SI units: Système International d’Unités). It is the most common measurement system around the world. The system consists of 7 base units and a set of prefixes: length (in metres), mass (in kilograms), time (in seconds) and temperature (in kelvin), electric current (in amperes), amount of substance (in moles) and luminous intensity (in candela).
It is a modern form of the metric system, but there is the English Engineering units (a set of consistent units, they are still in use in the United States). The set is defined by the following units, with a comparison to the standard units based on the International System of Units (SI).
| Dimension | SI unit | English Engineering Unit |
| time | Second(s) | Second (sec) |
| length | Metre (m) | Foot (ft) |
| mass | Kilogram(kg) | Pound mass (lbm) |
| force | Newton (N) | Pound force (lbf) |
| temperature | Degree Celsius | Degree Fahrenheit |
| Absolute temperature | Kelvin (K) | Degree Rankine |
The names and symbols of SI base units are written in lowercase—for example, the metre (US English: meter) has the symbol m—except the symbols of those named after persons, which are written with an initial capital letter. Thus, the kelvin, named after Lord Kelvin, has the symbol K and the ampere, named after André-Marie Ampère, has the symbol A.
These quantities have all been assigned special names after famous pioneers in the development of science and engineering. Who are the scientists that gave their names to electrical units such as Volts, Amps, Ohms, Coulombs , etc.?
An ampere is a unit of electric current in common use. It is named after Andre-Marie Ampere (1775-1836); the famous French physicist and mathematician.
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A bel is a unit for comparing two values of power. It is ten times the size of the more frequently used decibel, which is used as a measure of response in all types of electrical communication circuits. The unit is named after Alexander Graham Bell (1847-1922), the American inventor of the telephone.
A coulomb is a unit of electric charge equal to the quantity of electricity transferred in one second by a current of one ampere. It is named after Charles Augustin de Coulomb (1736-1806), the prominent French physicist.
A curie is a unit of the measurement of radioactivity, it is named after Pierre and Marie Curie, French physicists.
A farad is a unit of electrical capacitance. It is named after Michael Faraday (1791-1867), the famous English physicist.
A gal is a unit of acceleration used in describing the effects of gravity. It is an acceleration of one centimetre per second each second. The unit is named after Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), the famous Italian scientist.
A hertz is the SI unit of frequency equals one oscillation or cycle per second. The unit is named after German physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz who first experimentally demonstrated electromagnetic theory of light.
A Kelvin is a degree on the thermometric scale that takes absolute Zero as its starting point (0°K). It is named after William Thomson (1824- 
1907), who later Lord Kelvin, a British professor, the inventor of mirror galvanometer.
A joule is named after the English physicist James Prescott Joule. In the IS of units it is the derived unit of energy, work and heat. One joule is equal to the work done when a force of one Newton acts over a distance of one meter.
A newton is a unit of force in the International Measurement System (SI). It is named after Sir Isaac Newton (1642-1727), the English scientist, a professor of Cambridge University.
An ohm is a unit of electrical resistance. It is named after Georg Simon Ohm (1787-1854), German physicist.
A roentgen is a unit of radiation. It is named after Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (1845-1923), the famous German physicist.
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A volt is the standard measure of the amount of electrical force needed to produce one ampere of electrical current where the resistance is one ohm. It is named after Alessandro Volta (1745-1827), the Italian physicist.
A watt is a unit of electrical power. It is named after James Watt (1736-1819), the English inventor of a steam engine.
Exercise 7. Match the SI unit in column A to its abbreviation in column B and the quantity it measures in column C.
| A Unit | B Abbreviation | C Quantity |
| 1. Metre | K | temperature |
| 2. Ampere | cd | electric current |
| 3. kelvin | mol | frequency |
| 4. hertz | kg | Thermodynamic temperature |
| 5. ohm | s | time |
| 6. joule | m | Amount of substance |
| 7. candela | A | mass |
| 8. kilogram | ???? | length |
| 9. second | C | energy |
| 10. mole | Hz | resistance |
| 11. degree Celsius | J | Luminous intensity |
Exercise 8. Look at the table below which shows the symbols for some of the SI prefixes and the factor they represent. Then complete the right-hand column using the prefixes in the box.
| Tera- pico- nano- milli- micro- maga- kilo- giga- centi- |
| factor | symbol | prefix |
| 10 3 | k | |
| 10 6 | n | |
| 10 9 | G | |
| 10 12 | p | |
| 10 -2 | c | |
| 10 -3 | m | |
| 10 -6 | ????? | |
| 10 -9 | T | |
| 10 -12 | M |
Checkups
Exercise 9. What is the unit for (of) ….?
1. measurement of radioactivity
2. radiation
3. difference of potential between two points
4. power
5. electrical capacitance
6. electric charge
7. comparing two values of power
8. electric current in common use
9. magnetic field intensity
10. acceleration
11. frequency
Exercise 10. Write in English and translate into Russian.
1. 220,000V
2. 300 A
3. 1,000W
4. 38 R
5. X-ray
6. 5 F
Exercise11. Solve the tasks.
1. If you can throw a baseball 150 mph, how fast is it in m/sec?
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2. Normal body temperature is 98.6 °F. What is normal body temperature in degrees Celsius?
3. Burning one liter of natural gas produces 9.46 kcal of heat energy. Express the energy in kilojoules (given that 1 kcal = 4.184 kJ).
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