Практическое контрольное задание
1. Сравните три текста разной научной стилистики и определите, какой из них относится к собственно научному стилю.
2. Спрогнозируйте содержание текстов по метаинофрмации.
3. Определите, какие языковые средства используются в каждом тексте.
THE CONSEQUENCES OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRENDS AND OTHER FACTORS ON TEACHER EDUCATION
Between 1995/96 and 2001/2002 the number of pupils in Catholic Maintained schools from Years 1 to 7 declined by 12%. The comparable figure for Controlled primary schools was 7%. Between 2001 and 2023, official demographic figures forecast a decline of 12% across the communities in the age group from 4 to 10 years. The 2001 census included figures for Roman Catholic families, Protestant and ‘none or not stated’; these figures indicated the need for all future analyses of requirements to look at the split between the sectors, rather than simply providing a single line, recognising that there would continue, from known figures, to be higher numbers designated as Roman Catholics than as Protestants.
Although a range of ethnic communities is located in Northern Ireland, the total number of recent migrants is small. Recent estimates of Portuguese communities in Dungannon (around 1,000) and Craigavon (in the region of 3,000) are not reflected in the most recent published census statistics. It is suggested that these communities are largely transient and are predominantly made up of young, single male workers, although often such groups are the precursors of a more settled, family-based community.
It is clear from these projections that the population of compulsory school age will decline significantly, from 304,000 in 2002 to 258,000 in 2017, although it is expected to increase slowly thereafter. The population as a whole is expected to increase slowly until 2030, after which there will be a slow decline.
In interviews for this Study many professionals drew attention to the fact that these projections had been revised from two years ago, and that some demographic projections in the Republic of Ireland had proved incorrect. They urged caution about relying on a single projection.
Newly established communities developing from migrant workers marrying and settling in Northern Ireland will take several years to produce appreciable numbers of school age children. In the medium to long term (up to 20 years), however, there could be local increases in the number of school age children as a result of such population movement.
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SCHOOL BUDGETS NEAR BREAKING POINT, SAY HEAD TEACHERS
School budgets are close to breaking point in England suggests research by a head teachers' union.
A survey of more than 1,000 schools by the National Association of Head Teachers (NAHT) shows the number in deficit has doubled since 2015. And 71% of the heads polled were only able to balance their budgets by making cuts or dipping into reserves, said NAHT general secretary Russell Hobby. The government said it had protected the core schools budget in real terms. The NAHT's Breaking Point survey for 2016-17 shows: more than twice as many schools in deficit since 2015 - up from 8% to 18%
71% of heads balance budgets by making cuts or using reserves
72% fear budgets will be unsustainable by 2019
85% save money by spending less on new equipment
The greatest cost pressures on schools, according to heads, are: government changes which have passed the costs of employing staff on to schools the decline in local authority services and the abolition of a central government grant which allows councils to support schools supporting greater numbers of pupils with mental health issues.
According to the union, almost 80% of schools are providing support for children with mental health issues from general school budgets, "stepping in where cuts in health and social care funding have failed to meet the growing demand for support".
Mr Hobby said 98% of schools were losing funding "at a time when costs are rising and pupil numbers are growing".
"The government must take urgent action and commit to funding schools sufficiently in the next Budget. It is time to stop viewing education spending as a cost and to start seeing it as an investment in England's future, and in our children's."
Liam Collins head of Uplands Community College in Wadhurst, East Sussex, said budget pressures amounted to "a cut of 10 teachers, fewer clubs, no pastoral support, a narrowed curriculum, no counselling for students struggling with mental health issues, crumbling buildings, no IT upgrades, no new textbooks and no school planners.
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